[1]现在进行时 be(am/is/are) + 现分
现在进行时是英语中表示“当前正在发生、进行的动作”或“现阶段暂时持续的状态/动作”的时态,核心在于强调动作的“即时性”或“暂时性”,而非长期习惯(区别于一般现在时)。它的结构、用法和时间标志词都有明确规则,以下从核心要素到具体场景展开解析。
现在进行时的基本结构为“主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式(现在分词) ”,其中be动词的选择需根据主语的人称和单复数变化,动词-ing形式需遵循规则变形,具体如下:
1. be动词的选择规则
主语是第一人称单数(I):用 am,例:I am reading a book.(我正在看书。)
主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it/单数名词):用 is,例:She is singing a song.(她正在唱歌。) / The cat is sleeping.(猫正在睡觉。)
主语是第二人称(you)/ 复数(we/they/复数名词):用 are,例:You are watching TV.(你正在看电视。) / They are playing football.(他们正在踢足球。)
2. 动词-ing形式(现在分词)的变形规则
一般情况:直接在动词后加-ing(如:work→working, read→reading, play→playing);
以不发音的e结尾:去掉e后加-ing(如:write→writing, take→taking, make→making);
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母:双写末尾辅音字母后加-ing(如:run→running, swim→swimming, stop→stopping);
以ie结尾:变ie为y后加-ing(如:lie→lying, die→dying, tie→tying)。
一、表示“此时此刻正在发生的动作”(动作与说话时间完全同步)
关键标志:常搭配“right now(此刻)、now(现在)、at the moment(目前)、look(看)、listen(听)”等时间/提示词,强调动作“正在进行中”,未完成。
1. Look! The children are playing on the playground.
(看!孩子们正在操场上玩耍。“look”提示动作正在发生,与说话同步)
2. My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen right now.
(我妈妈此刻正在厨房做晚饭。“right now”明确“此时此刻”,动作未完成)
3. Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.
(听!有人正在隔壁房间唱歌。“listen”提示当前正在进行的声音动作)
4. He is not watching TV at the moment—he’s doing his homework.
(他现在没在看电视,他正在写作业。“at the moment”强调当前状态,否定式为“be not + doing”)
5. What are you doing now? I am reading a novel.
(你现在在做什么?我正在看一本小说。“now”明确时间,疑问句将be动词提前)
6. The rain is falling heavily outside. We can’t go out.
(外面正在下大雨,我们不能出去。动作“下雨”与说话时同步进行)
7. My brother is playing the guitar in his room. Can you hear it?
(我弟弟正在他房间里弹吉他,你能听到吗?“能听到”暗示动作正在发生)
8. The teacher is explaining a new grammar point to us now.
(老师此刻正在给我们讲解一个新的语法点。“now”强调当前动作)
9. They are having a meeting in the conference room. Don’t disturb them.
(他们正在会议室开会,别打扰他们。动作“开会”正在进行,需避免干扰)
10. I am typing an email to my client. I’ll call you back later.
(我正在给客户写邮件,稍后给你回电话。“稍后回电”暗示当前动作未完成)
二、表示“现阶段(近几天/几周)持续进行的动作”(动作并非此刻正在发生,但在近期内持续)
关键标志:常搭配“these days(这些天)、this week(这周)、recently(最近)、at present(目前)”等时间词,强调动作的“暂时性”和“持续性”,而非长期习惯。
1. She is learning to drive these days. She takes lessons every weekend.
(这些天她正在学开车,她每周都去上驾校课。“these days”表近期持续,并非此刻正在开车)
2. We are preparing for the mid-term exam this week. We’re very busy.
(这周我们正在准备期中考试,我们很忙。“this week”表本周持续进行,并非此刻正在准备)
3. He is reading a history book recently. He says it’s very interesting.
(最近他正在读一本历史书,他说这本书很有趣。“recently”表近期持续,不强调此刻正在读)
4. My father is working on a new project at present. He comes home late every day.
(目前我爸爸正在做一个新项目,他每天都很晚回家。“at present”表现阶段持续,体现“晚回家”的原因)
5. They are traveling around Europe this month. They’ve visited three countries already.
(这个月他们正在欧洲旅行,已经去过三个国家了。“this month”表本月持续,动作仍在进行中)
6. I am taking a cooking class these weeks. I want to make better meals for my family.
(这几周我正在上烹饪课,我想给家人做更好吃的饭。“these weeks”表近期持续,非此刻正在上课)
7. The company is expanding its business to Asia recently. They’re hiring more staff.
(最近公司正在把业务扩展到亚洲,他们正在招聘更多员工。“recently”表近期持续动作,带动后续结果)
8. She is practicing the piano every evening this semester. She has a performance next month.
(这学期她每天晚上都在练钢琴,下个月她有一场演出。“this semester”表学期内持续,为演出做准备)
9. We are trying to reduce our plastic use these days. We bring our own bags to the supermarket.
(这些天我们正在努力减少塑料使用,去超市都自带购物袋。“these days”表近期持续的习惯改变)
10. He is writing a novel this year. He spends two hours on it every morning.
(今年他正在写一本小说,每天早上花两个小时在上面。“this year”表全年持续,体现长期但暂时的动作)
三、表示“计划、安排好的将来动作”(动作已确定,近期会发生)
关键标志:常搭配“tomorrow(明天)、next week(下周)、this weekend(这周末)、tonight(今晚)”等表将来的时间词,且主语通常是人(动作可由主观安排),动词多为“go, come, leave, arrive, meet, visit”等表“位移或约定”的词。
1. I am meeting my friend at the café tomorrow afternoon. We haven’t seen each other for a long time.
(明天下午我要和朋友在咖啡馆见面,我们很久没见了。“tomorrow afternoon”表将来,“meet”是约定好的动作)
2. They are leaving for Beijing this weekend. They’re going to visit the Great Wall.
(这周末他们要去北京,打算去爬长城。“this weekend”表将来,“leaving”是计划好的位移动作)
3. She is coming to our house for dinner tonight. I need to buy some vegetables.
(今晚她要来我们家吃晚饭,我得去买些菜。“tonight”表将来,“coming”是确定的计划)
4. We are visiting our grandparents next Sunday. They’re looking forward to it.
(下周日我们要去看望祖父母,他们很期待。“next Sunday”表将来,“visiting”是安排好的家庭活动)
5. He is arriving at the airport at 6 p.m. tomorrow. I’ll go to pick him up.
(明天下午6点他会到达机场,我去接他。“tomorrow”表将来,“arriving”是确定的抵达时间)
6. The team is playing a football match against Class 3 next Friday. Everyone is preparing.
(下周五球队要和三班踢一场足球赛,大家都在准备。“next Friday”表将来,“playing”是安排好的比赛)
7. I am going to the cinema with my sister this evening. We want to see the new movie.
(今晚我要和妹妹去看电影,我们想看那部新片。“this evening”表将来,“going”是计划好的娱乐活动)
8. They are having a party at their house next month. They’ve invited many friends.
(下个月他们要在自家举办派对,已经邀请了很多朋友。“next month”表将来,“having”是确定的聚会计划)
9. She is taking the train to Shanghai tomorrow morning. Her ticket is already booked.
(明天早上她要坐火车去上海,车票已经订好了。“tomorrow morning”表将来,“taking”是已确认的交通方式)
10. We are starting the new project next week. The manager has already assigned tasks.
(下周我们要开始新项目,经理已经分配好任务了。“next week”表将来,“starting”是安排好的工作进度)
四、表示“当前阶段频繁发生的、带有感情色彩的动作”(常含抱怨、赞赏等语气)
关键标志:常搭配“always(总是)、constantly(不断地)、forever(老是)”等频度副词,此时动作并非“正在进行”,而是强调“近期频繁发生”,且说话人带有明显的主观情绪(如不满、无奈、表扬等)。
1. He is always losing his keys. It’s so annoying!
(他老是丢钥匙,真让人烦!“always”表频繁,含抱怨语气,并非此刻正在丢钥匙)
2. She is constantly helping her classmates with their homework. She’s very kind.
(她总是帮同学写作业,她人真好!“constantly”表频繁,含赞赏语气,强调近期常做)
3. My little brother is forever asking silly questions. I can’t focus on my work.
(我弟弟老是问些傻问题,我都没法专心工作了。“forever”表频繁,含无奈语气)
4. They are always talking loudly in the library. Why can’t they be quiet?
(他们总是在图书馆里大声说话,就不能安静点吗?“always”表频繁,含不满语气)
5. He is constantly working overtime these days. His boss should give him a break.
(最近他老是加班,老板应该让他休息一下。“constantly”表频繁,含同情语气)
6. She is always buying new clothes. She already has a lot in her closet.
(她老是买新衣服,衣柜里已经有很多了。“always”表频繁,含轻微抱怨语气)
7. The neighbors are forever playing loud music at night. I can’t sleep well.
(邻居们晚上老是放 loud music,我都睡不好觉。“forever”表频繁,含不满语气)
8. He is constantly coming up with new ideas. He’s really creative.
(他总是能想出新点子,真的很有创造力。“constantly”表频繁,含赞赏语气)
9. My sister is always forgetting to call me back. I have to remind her every time.
(我妹妹老是忘记给我回电话,每次都得我提醒她。“always”表频繁,含无奈语气)
10. They are always organizing interesting activities for the community. Everyone likes them.
(他们总是为社区组织有趣的活动,大家都很喜欢他们。“always”表频繁,含表扬语气)
五、现在进行时的特殊注意事项(避坑指南)
1. 不可用于现在进行时的动词:表示“状态、感官、心理活动”的动词(如be, love, like, hate, want, need, know, understand, believe, remember, see, hear, smell等),这类动词通常用一般现在时表当前状态,而非进行时。
错误:I am knowing the answer.
正确:I know the answer.(“know”是心理状态动词,用一般现在时)
2. 否定式与疑问式结构:
否定式:在be动词后加not(如:He is not playing football. / They aren’t watching TV.);
疑问式:将be动词提前至主语前(如:Is she reading a book? / Are they going to the park?);
3. 与一般现在时的区别:一般现在时表“长期习惯、客观真理”,现在进行时表“当前进行、近期暂时”。
He plays football every Sunday.(一般现在时,表每周习惯)
He is playing football now.(现在进行时,表此刻动作)
英语基础
- 陈一男基础英语研究
- 2023年广东中考英语试题
- 2024年广东中考英语试题
- 2025年广东中考英语试题(待续)
- 学习英语最有效的方法与学习路径
- 词法:名代形副动,数介连叹助
- 词法:名词
- 词法:代词
- 词法:冠词:a、an、the、零冠词
- 词法:形容词
- 词法:副词
- 词法:数词:基数、序数
- 词法:量词
- 词法:感叹词:What! Yes!
- 词法:连词: F、A、N、B、O、Y、S
- 词法:介词:位、时、方、手段、原因、目的
- 词法:易混淆介词:时间、地点、方式、关系
- 词法:动词
- 句法:非谓语动词:不定式、动名词、分词
- 短语:名短、动短、形短、副短、介短
- 构词法:英语中创造新单词的规则和方法
- 前缀 + 词根:仅改词义,不改词性
- 词根 + 后缀:改变词性,可微调词义
- 合成法:A+B
- 转化法:单词不改变形式,直接变词性
- 缩略法:缩短原词构成新词
- 构词法:名词后缀
- 单词记忆:语言学习的基础
- [1]一般现在时 do/does
- [2]一般过去时 did
- [3]一般将来时 will + 动原
- [4]一般过去将来时 would + 动原
- [1]现在进行时 be(am/is/are) + 现分
- [2]过去进行时 was/were + 现分
- [3]将来进行时 will be + 现分
- [4]过去将来进行时 would be + 现分
- [1]现在完成时 have/has + 过分
- [2]过去完成时 had + 过分
- [3]将来完成时 will have + 过分
- [4]过去将来完成时 would have + 过分
- [1]现在完成进行时 have/has been+现分
- [2]过去完成进行时 had been+现分
- [3]将来完成进行时 will have been+现分
- [4]过去将来完成进行时 would have been+现分
- 语态:主动语态、被动语态
- 句子结构:核心是“主谓关系”
- 句法:存在句 There be 句型
- 句法:拥有句 have/has 句型
- [1]主语:句子所叙述的主体
- [2]谓语:陈述主语的动作、状态或特征
- [3]宾语:动作的目标 或 关联的对象
- [4]定语:回答关于中心词的疑问
- [5]状语:回答关于句子成分的疑问
- [6]补语:对主语或宾语进行补充定性
- [7]表语:必须搭配系动词
- [8]同位语:给本位语贴标签、做注释
- 主谓一致:主语和谓语在人称和数保持一致
- 句子的分类:按结构分类、按功能分类
- 直接引语 和 间接引语
- [1]句法:名词性从句:主语从句
- [2]句法:名词性从句:宾语从句
- [3]句法:名词性从句:表语从句
- [4]句法:名词性从句:同位语从句
- 句法:定语从句:7W + 1T
- [1]时间状语从句:when、while、as
- [2]地点状语从句:where、wherever
- [3]原因状语从句:because、since、as
- [4]条件状语从句:if、unless、as long as
- [5]目的状语从句:so that、in order that
- [6]结果状语从句:so...that、such...that
- [7]让步状语从句:although/though、while
- [8]方式状语从句:as、as if/as though
- [9]比较状语从句:as...as
- 强调句、倒装句、省略句、虚拟语气句
- 虚拟语气:表达非真实情况的语法结构
- 积累:意思相近的单词
- 积累:be
- 积累:do
- 积累:to
- 积累:no
- 积累:not
- 积累:none
- 积累:nothing
- 积累:good
- 积累:well
- 积累:also
- 积累:get
- 积累:have
- 积累:if
- 积累:whether
- 积累:but
- 积累:or
- 积累:of
- 积累:talk
- 积累:take
- 积累:with
- 积累:by
- 积累:for
- 积累:the
- 积累:than
- 积累:then
- 积累:that
- 积累:this
- 积累:as
- 积累:so
- 积累:such
- 积累:which
- 积累:while
- 积累:where
- 积累:when
- 积累:what
- 积累:how
- 积累:who
- 积累:whom
- 积累:whose
- 积累:many
- 积累:much
- 积累:too
- 积累:very
- 积累:some
- 积累:any
- 积累:few
- 积累:little
- 积累:each
- 积累:every
- 积累:other
- 积累:others
- 积累:another
- 积累:time
- 积累:day
- 积累:before 与 ago
- 积累:in
- 积累:on
- 积累:at
- 听力[A1-01]:Family(家庭)
- 听力[A1-02]:Food(食物)
- 听力[A1-03]:Weather(天气)
- 听力[A1-04]:Supermarket(超市)
- 听力[A1-05]:Transportation(交通工具)
- 听力[A1-06]:Restaurants(餐厅)
- 听力[A1-07]:Weekend plans(周末计划)
- 听力[A1-08]:Pets(宠物)
- 听力[A1-09]:Animals(动物)
- 听力[A1-10]:School life(校园生活)
- 听力[A1-11]:Favorite place(最喜欢的地方)
- 听力[A1-12]:Directions(指路)
- 听力[A1-13]:Music(音乐)
- 听力[A1-14]:Daily Technology Products(日常科技产品)
- 听力[A1-15]:Social Activities(社交活动)
- 听力[A1-16]:Daily Problems(日常问题)
- 听力[A1-17]:Celebrations(庆祝活动)
- 听力[A1-18]:Seasonal Fruits(应季水果)
- 听力[A1-19]:Meeting new people(结识新朋友)
- 听力[A1-20]:Friends(朋友)
- 听力[A1-21]:Stay Guide(住宿指南)
- 听力[A1-22]:Parks(公园)
![[1]现在进行时 be(am/is/are) + 现分 [1]现在进行时 be(am/is/are) + 现分](https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/202703964/O1CN01n7hTcj1f9YkJfKzz2_!!202703964.jpg)