词法:连词: F、A、N、B、O、Y、S
连词是用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子的虚词,本身无实际意义,但能明确表达前后成分之间的逻辑关系(如并列、转折、因果、条件等)。根据功能和连接对象的不同,英语连词主要分为三大类:并列连词、从属连词、关联连词(也称“成对连词”)。
一、并列连词(Coordinating Conjunctions):连接“同等地位”的成分
并列连词用于连接语法地位平等的内容,包括单词(如名词、动词)、短语(如名词短语、介词短语)或独立分句(即主句),不引导从句。常见的并列连词有7个,可通过口诀“FANBOYS”记忆:For(因为)、And(和)、Nor(也不)、But(但是)、Or(或者/否则)、Yet(然而)、So(所以)。
【一】and(表“并列/顺承/递进”,意为“和、然后、而且”)
功能:连接两个或多个意义相近、顺承或递进的成分,前后内容无矛盾。
1. She bought some apples and a loaf of bread from the supermarket.(她从超市买了一些苹果和一条面包。连接两个名词短语)
2. He finished his homework and then watched his favorite TV show.(他做完作业,然后看了他最喜欢的电视节目。连接两个顺承的动作)
3. The movie is interesting and educational.(这部电影既有趣又有教育意义。连接两个形容词,表递进)
4. My father is reading a newspaper and my mother is cooking in the kitchen.(我爸爸在看报纸,我妈妈在厨房做饭。连接两个独立分句)
5. We walked along the street and talked about our school life.(我们沿着街道走,聊着我们的校园生活。连接两个并列的动词短语)
6. This book is cheap and useful.(这本书既便宜又有用。连接两个形容词,表并列)
7. He turned on the light and started to read.(他打开灯,开始看书。连接两个顺承的动作)
8. The city has many parks and lakes.(这座城市有很多公园和湖泊。连接两个名词,表并列)
9. She can speak English and French fluently.(她能流利地说英语和法语。连接两个名词,表并列)
10. We climbed the mountain and enjoyed the beautiful view at the top.(我们爬上了山,在山顶欣赏了美丽的风景。连接两个顺承的动作)
【二】but(表“转折”,意为“但是、然而”)
功能:连接两个意义相反或对比的成分,前后内容存在逻辑矛盾。
1. He is young but very experienced in his work.(他很年轻,但在工作中经验很丰富。前后对比“年轻”和“有经验”)
2. The dress is beautiful but too expensive for me.(这条裙子很漂亮,但对我来说太贵了。前后对比“漂亮”和“昂贵”)
3. I tried my best but still failed the exam.(我尽了最大努力,但还是没通过考试。前后转折“努力”和“失败”)
4. She likes to sing but she doesn’t like to dance.(她喜欢唱歌,但不喜欢跳舞。前后对比“喜欢唱歌”和“不喜欢跳舞”)
5. The room is small but very clean and tidy.(这个房间很小,但非常干净整洁。前后对比“小”和“整洁”)
6. He studied hard but didn’t get a good grade.(他学习很努力,但没能取得好成绩。前后转折“努力”和“成绩不好”)
7. The weather was cold but sunny.(天气很冷,但很晴朗。前后对比“冷”和“晴朗”)
8. I wanted to go out but it started to rain.(我想出去,但开始下雨了。前后转折“想出去”和“下雨”)
9. This restaurant is popular but the service is not good.(这家餐厅很受欢迎,但服务不好。前后对比“受欢迎”和“服务差”)
10. He is rich but not happy.(他很富有,但并不快乐。前后对比“富有”和“不快乐”)
【三】or(表“选择/否定条件”,意为“或者、否则”)
功能:① 提供两种或多种选择;② 表否定条件(“否则”,前句常含祈使句)。
1. You can go to the park or stay at home this weekend.(这个周末你可以去公园,或者待在家里。表选择)
2. Do you want tea or coffee?(你想要茶还是咖啡?表选择,用于疑问句)
3. Hurry up, or you will miss the train.(快点,否则你会错过火车。表否定条件,“否则”)
4. She will call you or send you a message tomorrow.(她明天会给你打电话,或者发信息。表选择)
5. You must finish your work today, or you will have to do it tomorrow.(你今天必须完成工作,否则明天就得做。表否定条件)
6. We can walk there or take a bus.(我们可以步行去那里,或者坐公交。表选择)
7. Is this your pen or hers?(这是你的笔还是她的?表选择,疑问句)
8. Don’t touch the hot pot, or you will burn your hand.(别碰热锅,否则会烫伤手。表否定条件)
9. He will go to the party or visit his friend this evening.(他今晚要么去派对,要么去看朋友。表选择)
10. You need to study harder, or you won’t pass the final exam.(你需要更努力学习,否则期末考会不及格。表否定条件)
【四】so(表“因果”,意为“所以、因此”)
功能:连接两个分句,前句表“原因”,后句表“结果”,因果关系需明确(不可与because连用,二者只能用一个)。
1. It was raining heavily, so we decided to stay at home.(雨下得很大,所以我们决定待在家里。前因“下雨”,后果“待在家”)
2. She studied very hard, so she got the first prize in the exam.(她学习非常努力,所以考试得了一等奖。前因“努力”,后果“得第一”)
3. The store was closed, so we couldn’t buy anything.(商店关门了,所以我们什么也没买到。前因“关门”,后果“没买到”)
4. He was ill, so he didn’t go to work yesterday.(他生病了,所以昨天没去上班。前因“生病”,后果“没上班”)
5. The traffic was very heavy, so we arrived late for the meeting.(交通很拥堵,所以我们开会迟到了。前因“拥堵”,后果“迟到”)
6. She forgot her umbrella, so she got wet in the rain.(她忘了带伞,所以在雨中淋湿了。前因“忘带伞”,后果“淋湿”)
7. The movie tickets were sold out, so we watched a movie at home.(电影票卖完了,所以我们在家看了电影。前因“票卖完”,后果“在家看”)
8. He saved a lot of money, so he could buy a new car.(他存了很多钱,所以能买一辆新车。前因“存钱”,后果“买新车”)
9. The children were hungry, so their mother cooked dinner quickly.(孩子们饿了,所以妈妈很快做了晚饭。前因“饿”,后果“做饭”)
10. I didn’t sleep well last night, so I feel tired today.(我昨晚没睡好,所以今天觉得累。前因“没睡好”,后果“累”)
【五】for(表“补充原因”,意为“因为”)
功能:连接两个分句,前句表“结果”,后句表“补充说明的原因”(语气较弱,不可置于句首,区别于because的“直接原因”)。
1. He must be at home, for the lights in his room are on.(他一定在家,因为他房间的灯亮着。前果“在家”,后补充原因“灯亮”)
2. She didn’t go to the party, for she didn’t like crowded places.(她没去派对,因为她不喜欢拥挤的地方。前果“没去”,后补充原因“不喜欢拥挤”)
3. The ground is wet, for it rained last night.(地面是湿的,因为昨晚下雨了。前果“地面湿”,后补充原因“下雨”)
4. He can’t speak French, for he has never learned it.(他不会说法语,因为他从没学过。前果“不会说”,后补充原因“没学过”)
5. I think she is angry with me, for she didn’t reply to my message.(我觉得她在生我的气,因为她没回我的信息。前果“生气”,后补充原因“没回信息”)
6. The book is very popular, for it tells a touching story.(这本书很受欢迎,因为它讲了一个感人的故事。前果“受欢迎”,后补充原因“故事感人”)
7. He didn’t eat anything, for he wasn’t hungry.(他什么也没吃,因为他不饿。前果“没吃”,后补充原因“不饿”)
8. The concert was canceled, for the singer was ill.(音乐会取消了,因为歌手生病了。前果“取消”,后补充原因“歌手生病”)
9. She looks happy, for she just got good news.(她看起来很高兴,因为她刚收到好消息。前果“高兴”,后补充原因“收到好消息”)
10. The door is locked, for nobody is in the house.(门锁着,因为家里没人。前果“锁门”,后补充原因“没人”)
【六】nor(表“否定并列”,意为“也不”)
功能:连接两个否定分句,前句需含否定词(如not, never, no等),后句需用“nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”的倒装结构。
1. He doesn’t like coffee, nor does he like tea.(他不喜欢咖啡,也不喜欢茶。前句否定“不喜欢咖啡”,后句倒装“也不喜欢茶”)
2. She has never been to Beijing, nor has her brother.(她从没去过北京,她哥哥也没去过。前句否定“没去过”,后句倒装“也没去过”)
3. They didn’t finish their homework, nor did they ask for help.(他们没做完作业,也没求助。前句否定“没做完”,后句倒装“也没求助”)
4. He can’t speak English, nor can he speak French.(他不会说英语,也不会说法语。前句否定“不会说”,后句倒装“也不会说”)
5. The first plan is not practical, nor is the second one.(第一个计划不实际,第二个也不实际。前句否定“不实际”,后句倒装“也不实际”)
6. I don’t know his name, nor do I want to know it.(我不知道他的名字,也不想知道。前句否定“不知道”,后句倒装“也不想知道”)
7. This book isn’t interesting, nor is it useful.(这本书既不有趣,也没用。前句否定“不有趣”,后句倒装“也没用”)
8. He didn’t attend the meeting, nor did he explain why.(他没参加会议,也没解释原因。前句否定“没参加”,后句倒装“也没解释”)
9. She doesn’t like to sing, nor does she like to dance.(她不喜欢唱歌,也不喜欢跳舞。前句否定“不喜欢唱歌”,后句倒装“也不喜欢跳舞”)
10. We won’t go there by bus, nor will we go by train.(我们不会坐公交去那里,也不会坐火车去。前句否定“不坐公交”,后句倒装“也不坐火车”)
【七】yet(表“转折”,意为“然而、但是”)
功能:连接两个意义相反的分句,语气比but更弱,常带有“出乎意料”的含义(可与but互换,但yet更强调“尽管如此仍……”)。
1. He is very rich, yet he lives a simple life.(他很富有,然而却过着简朴的生活。出乎意料的转折“富有”和“简朴”)
2. The task is difficult, yet we will try our best to finish it.(任务很难,但我们会尽力完成。转折“难”和“尽力完成”)
3. She has lived in China for 5 years, yet she can’t speak Chinese well.(她在中国住了5年,然而中文还是说得不好。出乎意料的转折“住5年”和“中文不好”)
4. The weather was cold, yet many people went to the park.(天气很冷,但还是有很多人去了公园。转折“冷”和“去公园”)
5. He studied for a long time, yet he still didn’t understand the problem.(他学了很久,但还是没弄懂这个问题。转折“学很久”和“没弄懂”)
6. The movie is long, yet it is very interesting.(这部电影很长,但非常有趣。转折“长”和“有趣”)
7. She is young, yet she is very mature.(她很年轻,但很成熟。出乎意料的转折“年轻”和“成熟”)
8. We tried many times, yet we failed each time.(我们试了很多次,但每次都失败了。转折“尝试”和“失败”)
9. The hotel is expensive, yet the service is not good.(这家酒店很贵,但服务不好。转折“贵”和“服务差”)
10. He knows the truth, yet he doesn’t want to tell anyone.(他知道真相,但不想告诉任何人。转折“知道真相”和“不告诉别人”)
二、从属连词(Subordinating Conjunctions):连接“主从关系”的成分
从属连词用于引导从句(如状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句),连接“主句”和“从句”(二者地位不平等,从句需依附主句才能表达完整意义)。根据引导的从句类型,从属连词可分为多类,以下按“引导的从句功能”分类讲解。
【一】引导时间状语从句的从属连词
常用连词:when(当……时)、while(当……时,从句用持续动作)、as(一边……一边……)、before(在……之前)、after(在……之后)、since(自从……以来)、until/till(直到……为止)、as soon as(一……就……)、whenever(无论何时)。
1. I was reading a book when the doorbell rang.(门铃响时,我正在看书。when表“时间点”)
2. While my mother was cooking, I was doing my homework.(妈妈做饭时,我在做作业。while表“持续时间段”,主从句均为进行时)
3. We talked happily as we walked along the river.(我们沿着河边走,一边开心地聊天。as表“伴随”)
4. Please wash your hands before you have dinner.(吃晚饭前请洗手。before表“在……之前”)
5. After he finished his work, he went to the gym.(他完成工作后,去了健身房。after表“在……之后”)
6. I have lived in this city since I graduated from college.(自从大学毕业以来,我就住在这座城市。since表“从过去到现在”,主句用现在完成时)
7. He stayed in the office until he finished all his tasks.(他在办公室待到完成所有任务为止。until表“直到……为止”)
8. As soon as she arrives, we will start the meeting.(她一到,我们就开始开会。as soon as表“一……就……”,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时)
9. Whenever I see her, she is always smiling.(无论何时见到她,她总是在笑。whenever表“任意时间”)
10. The children played games till their parents came back.(孩子们玩游戏直到父母回来。till表“直到……为止”,比until更口语化)
【二】引导原因状语从句的从属连词
常用连词:because(因为,直接原因)、since(既然,已知原因)、as(由于,显而易见的原因)、now that(既然,同since)、seeing that(鉴于,口语化)。
1. He didn’t go to school because he was ill.(他因为生病没去上学。because表“直接原因”,可回答why)
2. Since you are free today, let’s go to the park.(既然你今天有空,我们去公园吧。since表“已知原因”,语气较弱)
3. As it was getting dark, we decided to go home.(由于天快黑了,我们决定回家。as表“显而易见的原因”,语气比since更弱)
4. Now that you have finished your homework, you can watch TV.(既然你已经做完作业了,就可以看电视了。now that表“既然”,强调“原因已成立”)
5. Seeing that he is young, we can forgive his mistake.(鉴于他还年轻,我们可以原谅他的错误。seeing that表“鉴于”,口语中常用)
6. She cried because she lost her favorite toy.(她因为丢了最喜欢的玩具哭了。because表“直接原因”)
7. Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.(既然大家都到了,我们开始开会吧。since表“已知原因”)
8. As the weather is bad, we have to cancel the picnic.(由于天气不好,我们不得不取消野餐。as表“显而易见的原因”)
9. Now that you know the truth, you can make your own decision.(既然你知道真相了,就可以自己做决定了。now that表“既然”)
10. He didn’t buy the book because he had no money.(他因为没钱没买那本书。because表“直接原因”)
【三】引导条件状语从句的从属连词
常用连词:if(如果,充分条件)、unless(除非,=if not)、as long as(只要,充分条件)、on condition that(条件是)、provided that(假如,同provided)。
1. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。if表“充分条件”,主句将来时,从句一般现在时)
2. You won’t pass the exam unless you study hard.(除非你努力学习,否则你不会通过考试。unless=if not,表“否定条件”)
3. We will support you as long as you are right.(只要你是对的,我们就支持你。as long as表“充分条件”,强调“条件满足即可”)
4. He will lend you the money on condition that you return it next month.(他会借钱给你,条件是你下个月还。on condition that表“明确条件”)
5. You can go out to play provided that you finish your homework first.(假如你先做完作业,就可以出去玩。provided that表“假设条件”)
6. If you need help, please call me.(如果你需要帮助,请给我打电话。if表“假设条件”)
7. We can’t finish the work on time unless we get more help.(除非我们得到更多帮助,否则无法按时完成工作。unless=if not)
8. As long as you keep trying, you will succeed one day.(只要你坚持努力,总有一天会成功。as long as表“充分条件”)
9. She will go to the party on condition that her friend goes with her.(她会去派对,条件是她的朋友和她一起去。on condition that表“明确条件”)
10. Provided that the weather is good, we will have a picnic this weekend.(假如天气好,我们这周末就去野餐。provided that表“假设条件”)
【四】引导让步状语从句的从属连词
常用连词:though/although(虽然,不可与but连用)、even if/even though(即使,语气更强)、no matter what/whatever(无论什么)、no matter how/however(无论怎样)、while(虽然,置于句首,表对比)。
1. Though he is young, he knows a lot.(虽然他年纪小,但他懂得很多。though表“让步”,不可加but)
2. Although it rained heavily, we still went to the concert.(尽管雨下得很大,我们还是去了音乐会。although表“让步”,语气比though稍强)
3. Even if you don’t agree with me, you should listen to my opinion.(即使你不同意我,也应该听听我的想法。even if表“即使”,语气更强)
4. No matter what happens, I will always support you.(无论发生什么,我都会一直支持你。no matter what表“无论什么”,可替换为whatever)
5. No matter how difficult the task is, we will try our best.(无论任务多难,我们都会尽力。no matter how表“无论怎样”,可替换为however)
6. While she is good at English, she is not good at math.(虽然她英语好,但数学不好。while置于句首,表“对比性让步”)
7. Even though he is poor, he is very generous.(即使他很穷,也非常慷慨。even though表“即使”,语气强于even if)
8. Whatever you do, don’t forget your original intention.(无论你做什么,都不要忘记初心。whatever=no matter what)
9. However hard you try, you can’t change the fact.(无论你多努力,都无法改变事实。however=no matter how)
10. Though the movie is long, it is very interesting.(虽然这部电影很长,但非常有趣。though表“让步”)
【五】引导名词性从句的从属连词
常用连词:that(无实义,引导主语/表语/同位语从句时不可省略,引导宾语从句时可省略)、whether(是否,不可用if替换,引导主语/表语/同位语从句)、if(是否,仅引导宾语从句)。
1. That she won the competition surprised everyone.(她赢得比赛这件事让所有人都惊讶。that引导主语从句,不可省略)
2. I think that he will come to the party.(我认为他会来派对。that引导宾语从句,可省略)
3. My hope is that I can travel around the world.(我的愿望是能环游世界。that引导表语从句,不可省略)
4. We discussed whether we should change our plan.(我们讨论了是否应该改变计划。whether引导宾语从句,可替换为if)
5. Whether he will come or not is still unknown.(他是否会来还不知道。whether引导主语从句,不可用if替换)
6. The fact that the earth is round is known to all.(地球是圆的这一事实众所周知。that引导同位语从句,不可省略)
7. She asked me if I had seen her keys.(她问我是否见过她的钥匙。if引导宾语从句,表“是否”)
8. The question is whether we can finish the work on time.(问题是我们是否能按时完成工作。whether引导表语从句,不可用if替换)
9. That he didn’t attend the meeting made the manager angry.(他没参加会议这件事让经理很生气。that引导主语从句,不可省略)
10. I don’t know whether/if he will accept the invitation.(我不知道他是否会接受邀请。whether/if引导宾语从句,可互换)
三、关联连词(Correlative Conjunctions):“成对使用”的连词
关联连词是成对出现的连词,用于连接两个并列的成分,强调“两者都/要么……要么……”等逻辑关系,需注意“前后连接的成分语法结构一致”(即“平行结构”)。
【一】both...and...(表“两者都”,连接两个并列成分,谓语动词用复数)
1. Both my father and my mother like cooking.(我爸爸和妈妈都喜欢做饭。连接两个主语,谓语用复数like)
2. She can speak both English and French.(她既会说英语,也会说法语。连接两个宾语)
3. This book is both interesting and educational.(这本书既有趣又有教育意义。连接两个形容词)
4. Both Tom and Jerry are my good friends.(汤姆和杰瑞都是我的好朋友。连接两个主语,谓语用复数are)
5. We will visit both Beijing and Shanghai during our trip.(我们旅行期间会去北京和上海。连接两个宾语)
6. He is good at both singing and dancing.(他既擅长唱歌,也擅长跳舞。连接两个动名词)
7. Both the teacher and the students are excited about the news.(老师和学生都对这个消息感到兴奋。连接两个主语,谓语用复数are)
8. This movie is popular with both children and adults.(这部电影受儿童和成人的欢迎。连接两个宾语)
9. She bought both a dress and a pair of shoes yesterday.(她昨天买了一条裙子和一双鞋。连接两个宾语)
10. Both reading and writing are important for learning English.(阅读和写作对学英语都很重要。连接两个主语,谓语用复数are)
【二】either...or...(表“要么……要么……”,连接两个并列成分,谓语动词“就近原则”)
1. Either you or I will go to the meeting.(要么你去开会,要么我去。连接两个主语,谓语用就近原则will go)
2. You can either stay at home or go to the park.(你要么待在家里,要么去公园。连接两个动词短语)
3. Either he is telling a lie or he is mistaken.(他要么在撒谎,要么是弄错了。连接两个分句)
4. She will either call you or send you a message.(她要么给你打电话,要么给你发信息。连接两个动词短语)
5. Either the cat or the dog broke the vase.(要么是猫,要么是狗打碎了花瓶。连接两个主语,谓语用就近原则broke)
6. You can either eat noodles or have rice for lunch.(你午饭要么吃面条,要么吃米饭。连接两个宾语)
7. Either we finish the work today or we will have to do it tomorrow.(我们要么今天完成工作,要么明天就得做。连接两个分句)
8. He will either go to college or find a job after graduation.(他毕业后要么上大学,要么找工作。连接两个动词短语)
9. Either you apologize or I will never talk to you again.(要么你道歉,要么我再也不跟你说话了。连接两个分句)
10. You can either take the bus or walk to the station.(你要么坐公交,要么步行去车站。连接两个动词短语)
【三】neither...nor...(表“既不……也不……”,连接两个并列成分,谓语动词“就近原则”)
1. Neither my brother nor I like spicy food.(我哥哥和我都不喜欢吃辣的食物。连接两个主语,谓语用就近原则like)
2. She can neither speak English nor understand it.(她既不会说英语,也听不懂英语。连接两个动词短语)
3. Neither the TV nor the radio is working.(电视和收音机都坏了。连接两个主语,谓语用就近原则is)
4. He has neither money nor time to travel.(他既没钱也没时间去旅行。连接两个宾语)
5. Neither you nor he is right.(你和他都不对。连接两个主语,谓语用就近原则is)
6. This book is neither interesting nor useful.(这本书既不有趣也没用。连接两个形容词)
7. Neither I nor my parents know the truth.(我和我父母都不知道真相。连接两个主语,谓语用就近原则know)
8. She will neither call you nor reply to your message.(她既不会给你打电话,也不会回你信息。连接两个动词短语)
9. Neither the teacher nor the students are in the classroom.(老师和学生都不在教室里。连接两个主语,谓语用就近原则are)
10. He can neither swim nor skate.(他既不会游泳,也不会滑冰。连接两个动词)
【四】not only...but also...(表“不仅……而且……”,连接两个并列成分,谓语动词“就近原则”)
1. He is not only tall but also strong.(他不仅高,而且壮。连接两个形容词)
2. Not only my father but also my mother likes cooking.(不仅我爸爸,而且我妈妈也喜欢做饭。连接两个主语,谓语用就近原则likes)
3. This movie is not only interesting but also educational.(这部电影不仅有趣,而且有教育意义。连接两个形容词)
4. She can not only speak English but also write it well.(她不仅会说英语,而且写得也很好。连接两个动词短语)
5. Not only did he finish his homework, but also he helped his mother with housework.(他不仅做完了作业,还帮妈妈做了家务。连接两个分句,前句需倒装)
6. This city has not only many parks but also beautiful lakes.(这座城市不仅有很多公园,还有美丽的湖泊。连接两个宾语)
7. He is not only a good student but also a good athlete.(他不仅是个好学生,而且是个好运动员。连接两个表语)
8. Not only you but also I am wrong.(不仅你错了,我也错了。连接两个主语,谓语用就近原则am)
9. She not only sings well but also dances beautifully.(她不仅唱歌好,而且跳舞也很美。连接两个动词短语)
10. This book is not only popular with children but also loved by adults.(这本书不仅受儿童欢迎,而且也受成人喜爱。连接两个表语短语)
英语基础
- 陈一男基础英语研究
- 2023年广东中考英语试题
- 2024年广东中考英语试题
- 2025年广东中考英语试题(待续)
- 学习英语最有效的方法与学习路径
- 词法:名代形副动,数介连叹助
- 词法:名词
- 词法:代词
- 词法:冠词:a、an、the、零冠词
- 词法:形容词
- 词法:副词
- 词法:数词:基数、序数
- 词法:量词
- 词法:感叹词:What! Yes!
- 词法:连词: F、A、N、B、O、Y、S
- 词法:介词:位、时、方、手段、原因、目的
- 词法:易混淆介词:时间、地点、方式、关系
- 词法:动词
- 句法:非谓语动词:不定式、动名词、分词
- 短语:名短、动短、形短、副短、介短
- 构词法:英语中创造新单词的规则和方法
- 前缀 + 词根:仅改词义,不改词性
- 词根 + 后缀:改变词性,可微调词义
- 合成法:A+B
- 转化法:单词不改变形式,直接变词性
- 缩略法:缩短原词构成新词
- 构词法:名词后缀
- 单词记忆:语言学习的基础
- [1]一般现在时 do/does
- [2]一般过去时 did
- [3]一般将来时 will + 动原
- [4]一般过去将来时 would + 动原
- [1]现在进行时 be(am/is/are) + 现分
- [2]过去进行时 was/were + 现分
- [3]将来进行时 will be + 现分
- [4]过去将来进行时 would be + 现分
- [1]现在完成时 have/has + 过分
- [2]过去完成时 had + 过分
- [3]将来完成时 will have + 过分
- [4]过去将来完成时 would have + 过分
- [1]现在完成进行时 have/has been+现分
- [2]过去完成进行时 had been+现分
- [3]将来完成进行时 will have been+现分
- [4]过去将来完成进行时 would have been+现分
- 语态:主动语态、被动语态
- 句子结构:核心是“主谓关系”
- 句法:存在句 There be 句型
- 句法:拥有句 have/has 句型
- [1]主语:句子所叙述的主体
- [2]谓语:陈述主语的动作、状态或特征
- [3]宾语:动作的目标 或 关联的对象
- [4]定语:回答关于中心词的疑问
- [5]状语:回答关于句子成分的疑问
- [6]补语:对主语或宾语进行补充定性
- [7]表语:必须搭配系动词
- [8]同位语:给本位语贴标签、做注释
- 主谓一致:主语和谓语在人称和数保持一致
- 句子的分类:按结构分类、按功能分类
- 直接引语 和 间接引语
- [1]句法:名词性从句:主语从句
- [2]句法:名词性从句:宾语从句
- [3]句法:名词性从句:表语从句
- [4]句法:名词性从句:同位语从句
- 句法:定语从句:7W + 1T
- [1]时间状语从句:when、while、as
- [2]地点状语从句:where、wherever
- [3]原因状语从句:because、since、as
- [4]条件状语从句:if、unless、as long as
- [5]目的状语从句:so that、in order that
- [6]结果状语从句:so...that、such...that
- [7]让步状语从句:although/though、while
- [8]方式状语从句:as、as if/as though
- [9]比较状语从句:as...as
- 强调句、倒装句、省略句、虚拟语气句
- 虚拟语气:表达非真实情况的语法结构
- 积累:意思相近的单词
- 积累:be
- 积累:do
- 积累:to
- 积累:no
- 积累:not
- 积累:none
- 积累:nothing
- 积累:good
- 积累:well
- 积累:also
- 积累:get
- 积累:have
- 积累:if
- 积累:whether
- 积累:but
- 积累:or
- 积累:of
- 积累:talk
- 积累:take
- 积累:with
- 积累:by
- 积累:for
- 积累:the
- 积累:than
- 积累:then
- 积累:that
- 积累:this
- 积累:as
- 积累:so
- 积累:such
- 积累:which
- 积累:while
- 积累:where
- 积累:when
- 积累:what
- 积累:how
- 积累:who
- 积累:whom
- 积累:whose
- 积累:many
- 积累:much
- 积累:too
- 积累:very
- 积累:some
- 积累:any
- 积累:few
- 积累:little
- 积累:each
- 积累:every
- 积累:other
- 积累:others
- 积累:another
- 积累:time
- 积累:day
- 积累:before 与 ago
- 积累:in
- 积累:on
- 积累:at
- 听力[A1-01]:Family(家庭)
- 听力[A1-02]:Food(食物)
- 听力[A1-03]:Weather(天气)
- 听力[A1-04]:Supermarket(超市)
- 听力[A1-05]:Transportation(交通工具)
- 听力[A1-06]:Restaurants(餐厅)
- 听力[A1-07]:Weekend plans(周末计划)
- 听力[A1-08]:Pets(宠物)
- 听力[A1-09]:Animals(动物)
- 听力[A1-10]:School life(校园生活)
- 听力[A1-11]:Favorite place(最喜欢的地方)
- 听力[A1-12]:Directions(指路)
- 听力[A1-13]:Music(音乐)
- 听力[A1-14]:Daily Technology Products(日常科技产品)
- 听力[A1-15]:Social Activities(社交活动)
- 听力[A1-16]:Daily Problems(日常问题)
- 听力[A1-17]:Celebrations(庆祝活动)
- 听力[A1-18]:Seasonal Fruits(应季水果)
- 听力[A1-19]:Meeting new people(结识新朋友)
- 听力[A1-20]:Friends(朋友)
- 听力[A1-21]:Stay Guide(住宿指南)
- 听力[A1-22]:Parks(公园)
