一、四种完成进行时态的相同点

结构相似性：都由“have/has/had/will have/would have + been + 现在分词”构成，体现了完成时态和进行时态的结合。

强调动作过程：都强调动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续进行，涉及一个时间段内动作的持续性。

表达动作影响：在一定程度上都体现了过去动作对现在（或过去、将来某个时间点）的影响，这种影响和动作的长时间持续有关。

二、四种完成进行时态的不同点

1. 现在完成进行时：have/has been + 现在分词

用法：表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能还在继续。

例句：I have been reading this book for two hours.（我已经读这本书读了两个小时了，可能还在读，也可能刚读完。）

2. 过去完成进行时：had been + 现在分词

用法：表示在过去某一时刻之前一直持续进行的动作。

例句：She had been waiting for an hour before he finally arrived.（在他最终到达之前，她已经等了一个小时了。）

3. 将来完成进行时：will have been + 现在分词

用法：表示在将来某一时刻之前一直持续进行的动作。

例句：By next month, I will have been working on this project for a year.（到下个月，我做这个项目就满一年了。）

4. 过去将来完成进行时：would have been + 现在分词

用法：从过去某一时间看将来某一时刻之前一直持续进行的动作，常用于宾语从句等复合句中。

例句：He said he would have been studying English for five years by the end of this year.（他说在今年年底之前他学习英语就满五年了。）

四种完成进行时态的语法基础题

1. I __________ for three hours. I'm so tired.

A. have been running

B. had been running

C. will have been running

D. would have been running

2. By the time we got there, they __________ for an hour.

A. had been waiting

B. have been waiting

C. will have been waiting

D. would have been waiting

3. She __________ all day, and she still isn't finished.

A. has been working

B. had been working

C. will have been working

D. would have been working

4. They __________ since early morning.

A. have been playing

B. had been playing

C. will have been playing

D. would have been playing

5. I thought he __________ for two weeks.

A. had been traveling

B. have been traveling

C. will have been traveling

D. would have been traveling

6. By next year, we __________ in this city for ten years.

A. will have been living

B. have been living

C. had been living

D. would have been living

7. She __________ when I called her.

A. had been sleeping

B. has been sleeping

C. will have been sleeping

D. would have been sleeping

8. They __________ for a long time before they found a solution.

A. had been thinking

B. have been thinking

C. will have been thinking

D. would have been thinking

9. I __________ English for five years, and I'm still learning.

A. have been studying

B. had been studying

C. will have been studying

D. would have been studying

10. By the end of the week, he __________ non - stop.

A. will have been working

B. have been working

C. had been working

D. would have been working

11. She __________ the piano since she was a child.

A. has been playing

B. had been playing

C. will have been playing

D. would have been playing

12. I realized I __________ in the wrong direction.

A. had been walking

B. have been walking

C. will have been walking

D. would have been walking

13. By the time the movie starts, we __________ in line for an hour.

A. will have been standing

B. have been standing

C. had been standing

D. would have been standing

14. They __________ for days before they reached the top of the mountain.

A. had been climbing

B. have been climbing

C. will have been climbing

D. would have been climbing

15. I __________ to solve this problem, but I haven't found an answer yet.

A. have been trying

B. had been trying

C. will have been trying

D. would have been trying

16. By the end of the month, she __________ on her novel.

A. will have been working

B. have been working

C. had been working

D. would have been working

17. He __________ in the garden when it started to rain.

A. had been working

B. has been working

C. will have been working

D. would have been working

18. They __________ football for two hours before the coach arrived.

A. had been playing

B. have been playing

C. will have been playing

D. would have been playing

19. I __________ to contact him all morning.

A. have been trying

B. had been trying

C. will have been trying

D. would have been trying

20. By next summer, I __________ surfing for a year.

A. will have been learning

B. have been learning

C. had been learning

D. would have been learning

21. She __________ the whole day and was exhausted.

A. had been shopping

B. has been shopping

C. will have been shopping

D. would have been shopping

22. I thought they __________ for a long time.

A. had been arguing

B. have been arguing

C. will have been arguing

D. would have been arguing

23. By the time the train leaves, we __________ here for an hour.

A. will have been waiting

B. have been waiting

C. had been waiting

D. would have been waiting

24. They __________ in the library since it opened.

A. have been studying

B. had been studying

C. will have been studying

D. would have been studying

25. I __________ for the bus for half an hour.

A. have been waiting

B. had been waiting

C. will have been waiting

D. would have been waiting

26. By the end of the semester, we __________ this subject.

A. will have been studying

B. have been studying

C. had been studying

D. would have been studying

27. She __________ when I entered the room.

A. had been reading

B. has been reading

C. will have been reading

D. would have been reading

28. They __________ on the project for weeks before they got any results.

A. had been working

B. have been working

C. will have been working

D. would have been working

29. I __________ to improve my writing skills.

A. have been trying

B. had been trying

C. will have been trying

D. would have been trying

30. By next Friday, he __________ his report.

A. will have been writing

B. have been writing

C. had been writing

D. would have been writing

31. She __________ yoga for years and is very good at it.

A. has been practicing

B. had been practicing

C. will have been practicing

D. would have been practicing

32. I realized I __________ my keys all along.

A. had been carrying

B. have been carrying

C. will have been carrying

D. would have been carrying

33. By the time the concert starts, they __________ outside for hours.

A. will have been standing

B. have been standing

C. had been standing

D. would have been standing

34. They __________ through the forest for days.

A. had been hiking

B. have been hiking

C. will have been hiking

D. would have been hiking

35. I __________ to find a new job, but it's not easy.

A. have been trying

B. had been trying

C. will have been trying

D. would have been trying

36. By the end of the year, she __________ for a promotion.

A. will have been aiming

B. have been aiming

C. had been aiming

D. would have been aiming

37. He __________ in the garage when I saw him.

A. had been working

B. has been working

C. will have been working

D. would have been working

38. They __________ the game for a while before it got cancelled.

A. had been playing

B. have been playing

C. will have been playing

D. would have been playing

39. I __________ to catch up with my studies.

A. have been trying

B. had been trying

C. will have been trying

D. would have been trying

40. By next month, I __________ for my exams.

A. will have been preparing

B. have been preparing

C. had been preparing

D. would have been preparing

41. She __________ all night and was very sleepy.

A. had been dancing

B. has been dancing

C. will have been dancing

D. would have been dancing

42. I thought he __________ for his speech.

A. had been rehearsing

B. have been rehearsing

C. will have been rehearsing

D. would have been rehearsing

43. By the time the party starts, we __________ for an hour.

A. will have been getting ready

B. have been getting ready

C. had been getting ready

D. would have been getting ready

44. They __________ in the park since morning.

A. have been jogging

B. had been jogging

C. will have been jogging

D. would have been jogging

45. I __________ to fix my computer.

A. have been attempting

B. had been attempting

C. will have been attempting

D. would have been attempting

46. By the end of the week, he __________ on his new project.

A. will have been focusing

B. have been focusing

C. had been focusing

D. would have been focusing

47. She __________ when the phone rang.

A. had been cooking

B. has been cooking

C. will have been cooking

D. would have been cooking

48. They __________ in the pool for hours.

A. had been swimming

B. have been swimming

C. will have been swimming

D. would have been swimming

49. I __________ to understand this concept.

A. have been struggling

B. had been struggling

C. will have been struggling

D. would have been struggling

50. By next holiday, I __________ for a long - awaited trip.

A. will have been planning

B. have been planning

C. had been planning

D. would have been planning

答案：A

英语基础