语态：各类时态的被动语态的否定形式

1. 一般现在时被动语态的否定形式

构成：主语+am/is/are + not +过去分词。

例句：

The book is not read by many people.（这本书没有被很多人阅读。）“is not read”是一般现在时被动语态的否定形式，其中“is not”也可以缩写为“isn't”，即“The book isn't read by many people.”。

These toys are not made in this factory.（这些玩具不是在这个工厂制造的。）“are not”可以缩写为“aren't”，句子可写成“These toys aren't made in this factory.”。

2. 一般过去时被动语态的否定形式

构成：主语+was/were + not +过去分词。

例句：

The car was not repaired yesterday.（车昨天没有被修理。）“was not”可以缩写为“wasn't”，即“The car wasn't repaired yesterday.”。

The letters were not written last week.（这些信上周没有被写。）“were not”可以缩写为“weren't”，句子变为“The letters weren't written last week.”。

3. 一般将来时被动语态的否定形式（will结构）

构成：主语+will not + be +过去分词。

例句：

A new school will not be built next year.（明年不会建一所新学校。）“will not”可以缩写为“won't”，句子可写成“A new school won't be built next year.”。

4. 一般将来时被动语态的否定形式（be going to结构）

构成：主语+am/is/are + not + going to + be +过去分词。

例句：

The problem is not going to be discussed at the meeting.（这个问题不打算在会议上被讨论。）

5. 现在进行时被动语态的否定形式

构成：主语+am/is/are + not + being +过去分词。

例句：

The house is not being painted now.（房子现在没有在被粉刷。）“is not being”也可以写成“isn't being”，即“The house isn't being painted now.”。

6. 过去进行时被动语态的否定形式

构成：主语+was/were + not + being +过去分词。

例句：

The road was not being repaired when I passed by.（我经过的时候路没有在被修理。）“was not being”可写成“wasn't being”，句子变为“The road wasn't being repaired when I passed by.”。

7. 现在完成时被动语态的否定形式

构成：主语+have/has + not + been +过去分词。

例句：

The work has not been finished.（工作还没有被完成。）“has not”可以缩写为“hasn't”，即“The work hasn't been finished.”；如果主语是复数等用“have”的情况，“have not”可以缩写为“haven't”，例如“These tasks haven't been completed.”。

8. 过去完成时被动语态的否定形式

构成：主语+had + not + been +过去分词。

例句：

By the end of last year, the book had not been translated into several languages.（到去年年底，这本书还没有被翻译成几种语言。）“had not”可以缩写为“hadn't”，句子可写成“By the end of last year, the book hadn't been translated into several languages.”。

9. 将来完成时被动语态的否定形式

构成：主语+will not + have + been +过去分词。

例句：

By the time you come back, the project will not have been completed.（到你回来的时候，这个项目将不会已经被完成。）“will not”可以缩写为“won't”，句子可写成“By the time you come back, the project won't have been completed.”。