常用成语 第136天 中考成语 高考成语
1. 拼音：bù gān jì mò
2. 意思：指不甘心处于冷落、平静的状态，总想参与到热闹的活动中或引起他人关注。
3. 出处：出自清代吕留良《与高旦中书》：“念头淡薄，自然删落，若不甘寂寞，虽外事清高，正是一种热肠扰乱。”（原指不愿处于冷清境地）。
4. 近义词：
不甘示弱：不甘心表现得比别人差，强调争强好胜、不愿落后的心态。
跃跃欲试：形容心里急切地想试试，侧重对参与某事的积极渴望。
出头露面：指在公开场合出现，多含贬义，形容人好表现自己。
5. 反义词：
安分守己：规矩老实，不做超出本分的事，强调安于现状、不惹事。
清心寡欲：指保持心地清净，减少欲念，侧重心态淡泊、不追求外界关注。
默默无闻：不出名，不为人知道，形容人甘愿低调、不张扬。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
退休后，他不甘寂寞，主动加入社区志愿者团队。
After retirement, he couldn't stand being idle and took the initiative to join the community volunteer team.
这位明星即便淡出荧幕多年，仍不甘寂寞，时常出席公众活动。
Even after fading out of the screen for many years, the star couldn't bear to be lonely and often attended public events.
湖面刚平静几天，调皮的小鱼又不甘寂寞地跃出水面。
Just a few days after the lake calmed down, the naughty little fish couldn't resist jumping out of the water again.
他不甘寂寞，在班级群里不停地分享自己的生活趣事。
He couldn't stand being ignored and kept sharing interesting stories about his life in the class group.
冬天的山林看似寂静，实则无数生灵在不甘寂寞地活动着。
The mountain forest in winter seems silent, but in fact, countless creatures are actively moving around, unwilling to be lonely.
这本旧杂志不甘寂寞地躺在书架角落，封面仍透着年代的魅力。
The old magazine, unwilling to be forgotten, lies in the corner of the bookshelf, and its cover still exudes the charm of the era.
她不甘寂寞，报名参加了全市的演讲比赛，想挑战自我。
Unwilling to stay in the shadows, she signed up for the citywide speech contest to challenge herself.
团队刚完成项目，他就不甘寂寞地提出了下一个创新计划。
As soon as the team finished the project, he couldn't wait to propose the next innovative plan.
雨后的花园，水珠在花瓣上滚动，仿佛不甘寂寞地展示着晶莹。
In the garden after the rain, water droplets roll on the petals, as if unwilling to be silent and showing their crystal clarity.
纵使身处偏僻小镇，他也不甘寂寞，用直播分享家乡的美景。
Even in a remote town, he was unwilling to be lonely and used live streaming to share the beauty of his hometown.
1. 拼音：sàng xīn bìng kuáng
2. 意思：形容人失去理智，言行极端残忍、荒谬，如同发疯患病一般，多用来指责人做事狠毒、灭绝人性。
3. 出处：出自《宋史·范如圭传》：“公不丧心病狂，奈何为此？必遗臭万世矣。”（原指斥责人行为荒谬）。
4. 近义词（附意思）：
惨无人道：强调行为极端残忍，毫无人性，与“丧心病狂”均形容狠毒至极。
灭绝人性：指完全丧失人所具有的理智与情感，行为残忍到违背人性的程度，侧重道德沦丧。
穷凶极恶：形容极端残暴凶恶，侧重作恶的程度和凶狠的状态。
5. 反义词（附意思）：
慈悲为怀：指以仁爱慈善为根本心怀，强调待人宽厚、富有同情心，与“丧心病狂”的残忍对立。
大慈大悲：形容人心肠慈善，充满怜悯之心，侧重对众生的关爱与救助。
温良恭俭让：形容人温和、善良、恭敬、节俭、忍让，体现传统美德中的温和品性。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
这群歹徒丧心病狂地抢劫银行，甚至伤害无辜群众。
The group of gangsters were so frenzied that they robbed the bank and even hurt innocent people.
历史上，侵略者丧心病狂的暴行永远被世人唾弃。
In history, the frenzied atrocities of the aggressors have always been spurned by the world.
他为了谋财，竟丧心病狂地伤害自己的家人，令人发指。
In order to seek wealth, he insanely hurt his own family, which is outrageous.
这部电影中的反派角色丧心病狂，犯下了一系列骇人听闻的罪行。
The villain in this movie is frenzied and commits a series of appalling crimes.
任何丧心病狂的恐怖主义行为，都应受到国际社会的强烈谴责。
Any frenzied terrorist act should be strongly condemned by the international community.
为了掩盖罪行，他丧心病狂地销毁所有证据，最终仍难逃法网。
In order to cover up the crime, he insanely destroyed all evidence, but eventually could not escape the law.
小说中，邪教头目丧心病狂地蛊惑信徒，导致许多家庭破裂。
In the novel, the cult leader frenziedly brainwashed believers, causing many families to break up.
这种丧心病狂的虐待动物行为，引发了全社会的愤怒与声讨。
This frenzied act of animal abuse has aroused anger and condemnation from the whole society.
敌人丧心病狂地轰炸平民区，暴露了其残忍的本质。
The enemy's frenzied bombing of civilian areas exposed their cruel nature.
他丧心病狂的报复行为，不仅伤害了别人，也让自己坠入深渊。
His frenzied retaliation not only hurt others but also plunged himself into the abyss.
1. 拼音：bù zhī hǎo dǎi
2. 意思：指不懂得分辨好坏，对别人的善意或帮助不知感激，甚至误解、拒绝，形容人缺乏判断能力或态度傲慢。
3. 出处：出自明代吴承恩《西游记》第二十六回：“三老道：‘你这猴子，不知好歹！那果子一闻，活三百六十岁；吃一个，活四万七千年。’”
4. 近义词：
不识抬举：不懂得接受别人的好意或看重，多用于指责人拒绝别人的尊重或帮助，含贬义。
是非不分：指无法分辨正确与错误，缺乏基本的判断能力，侧重认知上的糊涂。
良莠不辨：分不清好的和坏的，形容人辨别能力差，无法区分事物的优劣。
5. 反义词：
知情达理：懂得人情，明达事理，形容人通情达理，能理解并体谅他人。
感恩图报：感激别人的恩情并想着回报，侧重懂得感恩、有良知。
泾渭分明：比喻界限清楚，是非、好坏分明，形容人判断清晰，不混淆对错。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
他总是对父母的关心不屑一顾，真是不知好歹。
He always dismisses his parents' concern, really not knowing what's good for him.
你别不知好歹，人家好心帮你，你还抱怨！
Don't be ungrateful—they helped you out of kindness, and you're still complaining!
这孩子太不知好歹，给她买了新玩具还哭闹不止。
The child is so unappreciative—she keeps crying even after being bought new toys.
面对老师的耐心教导，他却不知好歹地顶嘴，让人心寒。
Facing the teacher's patient guidance, he ungratefully talked back, which was disheartening.
你别不知好歹，能得到这个机会有多不容易！
Don't be ungrateful—do you know how hard it is to get this opportunity?
邻居好心送来热汤，她却嫌味道不好，真是不知好歹。
The neighbor kindly brought hot soup, but she disliked the taste—so unappreciative.
他不知好歹地拒绝了高薪工作，现在后悔莫及。
He ungratefully rejected the high-paying job and now regrets it deeply.
父母辛苦赚钱供他上学，他却不知好歹地沉迷游戏。
His parents work hard to pay for his education, but he unappreciatively indulges in games.
别对他太好了，他根本不知好歹。
Don't be too kind to him—he doesn't know how to appreciate it at all.
她不知好歹地指责帮助她的人，让大家都很失望。
She ungratefully blamed those who helped her, disappointing everyone.
1. 拼音：cū zhōng yǒu xì
2. 意思：形容人外表粗鲁，内心却很细致，做事考虑周到。
3. 出处：出自明·吴承恩《西游记》第五十五回：“沙僧道：‘哥哥，你虽没读书，却也粗中有细，怎么这等说话？’”
4. 近义词：胆大心细，意思是形容做事胆子大，心思却很细密，既能果断行事又能考虑周全。
5. 反义词：粗心大意，意思是做事不细心，马马虎虎，容易忽略细节。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
他虽然看起来大大咧咧，但处理事情时总是粗中有细，让人很放心。
He may seem carefree, but he is always careful in handling things, which makes people feel at ease.
这位厨师做菜时粗中有细，每一道工序都暗藏巧思。
The chef is rough but detailed when cooking, and every process hides ingenuity.
老王干起活来粗中有细，连墙角的灰尘都不放过。
Lao Wang is rough but careful when working, and he doesn't even let go of the dust in the corner.
别看他外表粗犷，实则粗中有细，对家人的照顾无微不至。
Don't look at his rough appearance, but he is rough and detailed, and takes meticulous care of his family.
这位将军作战时粗中有细，总能在关键时刻做出正确部署。
The general is rough but careful in battle, and can always make the right deployment at critical moments.
她做事粗中有细，看似随意的安排实则蕴含着周密的计划。
She is rough but detailed in her work, and the seemingly random arrangement actually contains a careful plan.
工匠师傅粗中有细，在粗糙的木料上雕琢出精致的花纹。
The craftsman is rough but detailed, and carves delicate patterns on the rough wood.
他说话直来直去，但粗中有细，总能点到问题的关键。
He speaks straightforwardly, but is rough and detailed, and can always hit the key to the problem.
这位司机开车时粗中有细，既保证速度又注意安全细节。
The driver is rough but careful when driving, ensuring both speed and safety details.
教练指导训练时粗中有细，既强调整体战术又关注队员的细微动作。
The coach is rough but detailed when guiding the training, emphasizing both the overall tactics and the subtle movements of the team members.
1. 拼音：zì kuì bù rú
2. 意思：指因自己的才能、见识、行为等比不上别人而内心感到惭愧。
3. 出处：出自《战国策·齐策一》：“明日徐公来，孰视之，自以为不如；窥镜而自视，又弗如远甚。”
4. 近义词：自惭形秽，意思是因自己容貌举止不如人而感到惭愧，后也泛指自愧不如别人。
5. 反义词：自命不凡，意思是自以为很了不起，自以为比别人高明。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
看到他在比赛中完美的表现，我不禁自愧不如。
Seeing his perfect performance in the competition, I can't help but feel ashamed of myself.
她的才华横溢让许多同行都自愧不如。
Her outstanding talent makes many colleagues feel ashamed.
对比他的勤奋刻苦，我真是自愧不如。
Comparing with his diligence, I really feel ashamed.
听到他解决问题的巧妙方法，我自愧不如地低下了头。
Hearing his ingenious way to solve the problem, I bowed my head in shame.
这位老艺术家的精湛技艺令年轻演员们自愧不如。
The exquisite craftsmanship of this old artist makes young actors feel ashamed.
看到她把杂乱的房间整理得井井有条，我自愧不如。
Seeing her organize the messy room in order, I feel ashamed.
他在语言学习上的天赋让我自愧不如。
His talent in language learning makes me feel ashamed.
面对他的宽宏大量，我不禁自愧不如。
Facing his magnanimity, I can't help but feel ashamed.
她对细节的洞察力让团队里的其他人都自愧不如。
Her insight into details makes others in the team feel ashamed.
了解到他默默为社区做了那么多好事，我自愧不如。
Learning that he has done so many good deeds for the community silently, I feel ashamed.
1. 拼音：xīn luàn rú má
2. 意思：形容心里非常烦乱，像一团乱麻一样没有头绪。
3. 出处：出自元·王思廉《寿阳曲·四时》：“心事浓，眉黛锁，雁来迟，信又讹。镜台前抱屈眉低朵，心乱如麻没处躲。”
4. 近义词：心烦意乱，意思是心思烦乱，情绪不安，形容心情烦躁，思绪混乱。
5. 反义词：镇定自若，意思是面对情况紧急或灾难时冷静的表现，神情态度仍和原来一样自然从容。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
他得知考试失利的消息后，心乱如麻，不知道该如何向父母交代。
After learning the news of failing the exam, he was as confused as a tangled mess, not knowing how to explain to his parents.
工作上的压力和家庭琐事交织在一起，让她心乱如麻。
The pressure at work and family chores interweaved, making her mind as confused as a hemp rope.
听到电话里传来的坏消息，他顿时心乱如麻，手中的文件散落一地。
Hearing the bad news on the phone, he was instantly overwhelmed with confusion, and the documents in his hand fell to the ground.
等待面试结果的日子里，她每天都心乱如麻，坐立不安。
During the days of waiting for the interview results, she was as restless as if her heart were tangled every day.
孩子突然生病住院，让原本就忙碌的他更加心乱如麻。
The child's sudden illness and hospitalization made him even more confused when he was already busy.
面对两个同样有吸引力的选择，他心乱如麻，迟迟无法做决定。
Facing two equally attractive choices, he was so confused that he couldn't make a decision for a long time.
手机里不断弹出的消息提醒，让正在专注工作的她心乱如麻。
The continuous pop-up message reminders on the phone made her confused while she was focusing on work.
得知朋友背叛了自己，她一整天都心乱如麻，饭也吃不下。
After learning that her friend had betrayed her, she was so confused all day that she couldn't eat.
窗外的暴雨声和屋内的争吵声混合在一起，让他心乱如麻。
The sound of the torrential rain outside the window mixed with the争吵声 inside the house, making him feel extremely confused.
即将到来的演讲让他心乱如麻，反复练习却依然缺乏自信。
The upcoming speech made him confused, and he repeatedly practiced but still lacked confidence.
1. 拼音：zì yuàn zì yì
2. 意思：原指自我悔恨并改正错误，现多指自我埋怨、悔恨，沉溺于负面情绪中。
3. 出处：出自《孟子·万章上》：“太甲悔过，自怨自艾，于桐处仁迁义。”
4. 近义词：怨天尤人，意思是遇到不顺心的事就埋怨上天、责怪别人，强调把责任归咎于外界。
5. 反义词：怨天尤人（此处需注意，严格意义上反义词应为“自勉自励”，指自我激励、奋发向上，但更常见的对比为“怨天尤人”与“自怨自艾”均指向负面情绪，而“积极进取”更贴合反义，此处以常见搭配说明）。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
与其自怨自艾，不如振作起来寻找解决问题的办法。
Instead of complaining and blaming yourself, it's better to cheer up and find a solution.
他失败后总是自怨自艾，从不反思问题根源。
He always blames himself after failure and never reflects on the root cause.
别再自怨自艾了，过去的错误可以成为未来的教训。
Stop self - pitying; past mistakes can be lessons for the future.
她因一次失误而自怨自艾，整整一周都提不起精神。
She was self - reproachful because of a mistake and couldn't lift her spirits for a whole week.
自怨自艾解决不了任何问题，行动才是关键。
Self - complaint can't solve any problems; action is the key.
他习惯了自怨自艾，却从未想过主动改变现状。
He is used to self - pity but has never thought of taking the initiative to change the status quo.
面对挫折时，自怨自艾只会让你陷入更深的低谷。
When facing setbacks, self - blame will only make you fall into a deeper低谷.
别让自怨自艾消耗你的精力，专注于当下才能突破困境。
Don't let self - pity consume your energy; focusing on the present can help you break through difficulties.
她终于走出了自怨自艾的情绪，开始积极规划未来。
She finally got out of the mood of self - reproach and began to plan for the future positively.
自怨自艾的心态让他错过了许多提升自己的机会。
The mentality of self - complaint made him miss many opportunities to improve himself.
1. 拼音：suǒ zuò suǒ wéi
2. 意思：指人所做的事情（多含贬义，强调行为的具体内容和影响）。
3. 出处：出自明代李贽《续焚书·何心隐论》：“若论其学术行径，则世间无非其所学，所作所为之事，皆其所学之事可见者也。”
4. 近义词：言行举止，意思是人的言语、行为和姿态，侧重表达一个人在日常中的整体表现。
5. 反义词：无特定反义词（若从语义相反角度，可理解为“所作所为”强调具体行为，反义可指向“无所作为”，指没有做出任何成绩或行动）。
6. 例句及英文翻译
他的所作所为早已被众人看在眼里，休想隐瞒。
What he has done has long been seen by everyone, and he can't hide it.
这些歹徒的所作所为令人发指，必须受到法律严惩。
The actions of these gangsters are heinous and must be severely punished by law.
你要为自己的所作所为负责，不要推卸责任。
You must be responsible for what you have done and not shirk responsibility.
她对自己的所作所为感到后悔，希望能弥补过错。
She regrets what she has done and hopes to make up for her mistakes.
历史会对每个人的所作所为做出公正的评判。
History will make a fair judgment on what everyone has done.
他的所作所为完全违背了当初的承诺，令人失望。
What he has done completely violates his original promise, which is disappointing.
家长要关注孩子的所作所为，及时引导正确价值观。
Parents should pay attention to what their children do and guide them to correct values in time.
这家企业的所作所为，充分体现了社会责任感。
What this enterprise has done fully reflects its sense of social responsibility.
他没想到自己的所作所为会给家人带来如此大的伤害。
He didn't expect that what he had done would cause so much harm to his family.
旁观者对他的所作所为感到震惊，纷纷上前劝阻。
Onlookers were shocked by what he did and stepped forward to dissuade him.
1. 拼音：yīng wǔ xué shé
2. 意思：指鹦鹉模仿人说话，比喻人没有主见，只会机械地模仿别人的言语或行为。
3. 出处：出自宋代释道原《景德传灯录》卷二十八：“如鹦鹉学舌，非有智慧，取彼之语，复说向人。”
4. 近义词：人云亦云，意思是别人说什么自己就跟着说什么，形容没有主见，盲目附和他人。
5. 反义词：独抒己见，意思是独立表达自己的见解和主张，强调有主见、不盲从。
6. 例句及英文翻译
他只会鹦鹉学舌，从不敢提出自己的观点。
He just parrots others and never dares to put forward his own opinions.
写文章若只是鹦鹉学舌，就失去了创作的意义。
If writing an article is just parroting, it loses the meaning of creation.
别总鹦鹉学舌般重复别人的话，要学会独立思考。
Don't always repeat others' words like a parrot; learn to think independently.
这个团队缺乏创新，只会鹦鹉学舌地照搬其他方案。
This team lacks innovation and only copies other plans like parrots.
他的发言毫无新意，不过是鹦鹉学舌罢了。
His speech had no new ideas, just parroting others.
教育的目的不是让学生鹦鹉学舌，而是培养批判性思维。
The purpose of education is not to make students parrot, but to cultivate critical thinking.
有些人习惯鹦鹉学舌，却从不理解话语背后的含义。
Some people are used to parroting but never understand the meaning behind the words.
她模仿明星的言行，不过是鹦鹉学舌，毫无个人风格。
Her imitation of stars' words and deeds is just parroting, without any personal style.
学术研究若鹦鹉学舌，便无法推动知识的进步。
If academic research just parrots others, it cannot promote the progress of knowledge.
别做鹦鹉学舌的人，要敢于表达真实的想法。
Don't be a parrot; dare to express your true thoughts.
1. 拼音：shǐ luàn zhōng qì
2. 意思：起初玩弄感情或破坏关系，最终却抛弃对方（多形容男子对女子先恋爱后抛弃的行为，也指对事物开始时热衷，后来却舍弃）。
3. 出处：出自唐代元稹《莺莺传》：“始乱之，终弃之，固其宜矣。”
4. 近义词：朝三暮四，意思是反复无常，变化多端，形容人行为多变、感情不专一。
5. 反义词：始终不渝，意思是自始至终坚持不变，形容感情或态度坚定专一。
6. 例句及英文翻译
他这种始乱终弃的行为，让所有人都感到不齿。
His behavior of starting to mess around and then abandoning others makes everyone despise him.
爱情中最伤人的，莫过于对方始乱终弃的态度。
In love, nothing hurts more than the other party's attitude of starting to play with feelings and then abandoning them.
故事中的男主角因始乱终弃，最终得到了应有的惩罚。
The male protagonist in the story was duly punished because he started to mess around and then abandoned others.
你怎能容忍他始乱终弃，必须讨个说法。
How can you tolerate his starting to play with you and then abandoning you? You must seek an explanation.
有些商家对产品质量始乱终弃，最终失去了消费者信任。
Some merchants start to pay attention to product quality but then abandon it, eventually losing consumers' trust.
他后悔当初始乱终弃的决定，如今追悔莫及。
He regrets the decision of starting to mess around and then abandoning at the beginning, and now he is extremely regretful.
这种始乱终弃的感情，不值得你为之痛苦。
This kind of feeling that starts with play and ends with abandonment is not worth your pain.
历史上那些始乱终弃的君主，最终都被人民所推翻。
Those monarchs in history who started to mess around and then abandoned their duties were eventually overthrown by the people.
她发誓不再相信任何始乱终弃的人。
She vowed never to believe anyone who starts to play with feelings and then abandons others again.
做人不能始乱终弃，要有责任和担当。
One should not start to mess around and then abandon; one should have responsibility and accountability.
1. 拼音：hùn xiáo shì tīng
2. 意思：指用虚假或混乱的言论、行为迷惑人，扰乱人们对事实的判断和认知。
3. 出处：出自《三国志·袁尚传》注引《九州春秋》：“混淆视听，欺诬天地。”
4. 近义词：迷惑人心，意思是用虚假的言语或行为迷惑他人，使其思想混乱。
5. 反义词：拨乱反正，意思是消除混乱局面，恢复正常秩序，多指纠正错误，使事物回归正轨。
6. 例句及英文翻译
某些媒体为博眼球，故意发布谣言混淆视听。
Some media deliberately release rumors to confuse the public in order to attract attention.
他的辩解看似合理，实则是为混淆视听而编造的谎言。
His defense seems reasonable, but it is actually a lie made up to confuse the视听.
别被这些虚假信息混淆视听，要学会分辨真相。
Don't be confused by these false information; learn to distinguish the truth.
对方律师试图用无关证据混淆视听，干扰审判流程。
The opposing lawyer tried to confuse the public with irrelevant evidence and interfere with the trial process.
网络上常有营销号发布谣言混淆视听，误导大众。
There are often marketing accounts on the Internet that release rumors to confuse the public and mislead the masses.
这种混淆视听的言论，只会让问题变得更加复杂。
This kind of speech that confuses the视听 will only make the problem more complicated.
他们企图通过歪曲事实来混淆视听，掩盖真实目的。
They attempt to confuse the public by distorting the facts and cover up their true purpose.
新闻报道应秉持客观，而非刻意混淆视听。
News reports should uphold objectivity rather than deliberately confuse the public.
面对混淆视听的舆论，我们更需保持理性思考。
In the face of public opinion that confuses the视听, we need to maintain rational thinking even more.
该组织散布虚假信息的行为，明显是为混淆视听、制造混乱。
The behavior of the organization spreading false information is obviously to confuse the public and create chaos.
1. 拼音：jù wéi jǐ yǒu
2. 意思：指将不属于自己的东西占据为自己所有，强调通过不正当手段占有他人或公共的财物、权利等。
3. 出处：出自宋代李心传《建炎以来系年要录》：“遂与金人私相结约，据为己有。”
4. 近义词：占为己有，意思是将属于他人或公共的东西强行占据，归为自己所有，与“据为己有”含义相近。
5. 反义词：公之于众，意思是将事情向众人公开，不私自占有，强调分享或披露而非独占。
6. 例句及英文翻译
他竟将公司的项目奖金据为己有，最终被开除。
He actually kept the company's project bonus for himself and was finally fired.
博物馆的文物被歹人偷窃后试图据为己有，警方迅速追回。
The cultural relics in the museum were stolen by criminals who tried to take them for themselves, and the police recovered them quickly.
弟弟总把姐姐的玩具据为己有，妈妈批评了他。
The younger brother always takes his sister's toys for himself, and his mother criticized him.
有些人将公共绿地圈起来据为己有，这种行为很不道德。
Some people enclose public green spaces and take them for themselves, which is very immoral.
他利用职务之便，将客户的资源据为己有。
He used his position to take the client's resources for himself.
这本古籍是家族传世之宝，无人敢据为己有。
This ancient book is a family heirloom, and no one dares to take it for themselves.
开发商不应将小区的公共设施据为己有，而应归全体业主所有。
Developers should not take the community's public facilities for themselves but should belong to all property owners.
历史证明，任何试图将他国领土据为己有的行为都会遭到反抗。
History has proved that any attempt to take another country's territory for oneself will be resisted.
他发现同事将团队成果据为己有时，果断向领导举报。
When he found that his colleague took the team's achievements for himself, he decisively reported to the leader.
法律严禁将他人的知识产权据为己有，违者需承担责任。
The law strictly prohibits taking others' intellectual property for oneself, and violators need to bear responsibilities.
1. 拼音：wèi mín chú hài
2. 意思：指替人民清除危害社会的人或事物，强调为民众利益消除祸害的行为。
3. 出处：出自汉代司马迁《史记·淮阴侯列传》：“因民之欲，西乡为百姓请命，则天下风走而响应矣，孰敢不听！此所谓‘为民除害’者也。”
4. 近义词：替天行道，意思是代行上天的意旨，多指主持正义、铲除邪恶，与“为民除害”均含维护公众利益、清除祸害的意味。
5. 反义词：为害一方，意思是对某个地区或群体造成危害，与“为民除害”的积极行为相反，指损害民众利益的行径。
6. 例句及英文翻译
这位英雄为民除害，消灭了长期骚扰村庄的恶霸。
This hero eliminated the local tyrant who had been harassing the village for a long time to rid the people of the evil.
政府开展专项行动，为民除害，严打电信诈骗。
The government launched a special operation to rid the people of harm by cracking down on telecom fraud.
古代侠客常以为民除害为己任，行侠仗义。
Ancient knights-errant often took ridding the people of harm as their duty, upholding justice.
消防员冲进火场救人，是实实在在的为民除害。
Firefighters rushing into the fire to save people is a tangible act of ridding the people of harm.
环保部门查处污染企业，正是为民除害的重要举措。
The environmental protection department's investigation and punishment of polluting enterprises is an important measure to rid the people of harm.
民警深夜蹲守，为民除害，抓获了盗窃团伙。
The police squatted late at night to rid the people of harm and captured the theft gang.
这部电影中的主角为为民除害，不惜牺牲自己的生命。
The protagonist in this movie sacrificed his own life to rid the people of harm.
扫黑除恶专项斗争旨在为民除害，净化社会环境。
The special struggle against organized crime aims to rid the people of harm and purify the social environment.
村民们自发组织起来，合力为民除害，驱逐了山林中的野猪群。
The villagers spontaneously organized to join forces to rid the people of harm and drive away the wild boar herd in the mountains.
历史上的清官总是想百姓所想，为民除害。
Honest officials in history always thought what the people thought and rid the people of harm.
1. 拼音：zhì zài sì fāng
2. 意思：指志向远大，不局限于一地，渴望到广阔的天地中闯荡，实现抱负。
3. 出处：出自明代冯梦龙《东周列国志》第二十五回：“妾闻‘男子志在四方’。君壮年不出图仕，乃区区守妻子坐困乎？”
4. 近义词：胸怀天下，意思是心中装着国家和天下，强调以天下为己任的远大抱负，与“志在四方”均含志向高远之意。
5. 反义词：安土重迁，意思是安于本乡本土，不愿轻易迁移，与“志在四方”的闯荡精神相反，侧重留恋故土。
6. 例句及英文翻译
他从小志在四方，大学毕业后便奔赴边疆支教。
He has had ambitions to roam the world since childhood, and went to the border areas to teach after graduating from university.
年轻人志在四方，不应被眼前的安逸束缚手脚。
Young people with aspirations for the four corners of the world should not be bound by immediate comfort.
这位探险家志在四方，足迹遍布七大洲。
The explorer, with aspirations to travel far and wide, has set foot on all seven continents.
古人云“志在四方”，如今青年更应放眼世界、追求理想。
As the ancients said, "aspire to the four corners of the world", today's youth should look to the world and pursue their ideals.
她放弃了安稳的工作，只因志在四方，想看看更广阔的天地。
She gave up her stable job because she aspired to the four corners of the world and wanted to see a broader world.
父亲鼓励儿子志在四方，不要困守家乡的小天地。
The father encouraged his son to aspire to the four corners of the world and not to be confined to the small world of his hometown.
志在四方的创业者，带着梦想奔赴一线城市打拼。
Entrepreneurs with aspirations for the four corners of the world go to first-tier cities to work hard with their dreams.
历史上的文人墨客多志在四方，在游历中汲取创作灵感。
Scholars and writers in history mostly aspired to the four corners of the world, drawing creative inspiration from their travels.
虽然留恋家人，但他志在四方，最终选择参军报国。
Although he was reluctant to part with his family, he aspired to the four corners of the world and finally chose to join the army to serve the country.
新时代的青年志在四方，用奋斗诠释青春的意义。
Youth in the new era aspire to the four corners of the world, interpreting the meaning of youth through struggle.
1. 拼音：shuāng guǎn qí xià
2. 意思：原指手握两支笔同时作画，后比喻为解决问题或达成目标，同时从两个方面或采用两种方法共同进行。
3. 出处：出自宋代郭若虚《图画见闻志》卷五：“唐张璪员外画山水松石，名重于世。尤于画松特出意象，能手握双管，一时齐下，一为生枝，一为枯枝。”
4. 近义词：
齐头并进：意思是多方面同时前进，形容几件事情或几项工作同时进行，与“双管齐下”均强调同时开展不同行动。
两面夹击：指从两个方面同时进行攻击或采取行动，侧重从对立角度同时施压，与“双管齐下”的多方法并行有相似逻辑。
5. 反义词：
单枪匹马：意思是独自一人行动，不依靠他人或不采取多重方法，与“双管齐下”的协同性相反，强调孤立行事。
按部就班：指按照一定的步骤、顺序进行，侧重单一流程的推进，缺乏同时开展多方面行动的灵活性。
6. 例句及英文翻译
治理环境污染需双管齐下，既要管控工业排放，也要倡导绿色生活方式。
Controlling environmental pollution requires a two-pronged approach: managing industrial emissions and advocating a green lifestyle.
为提升成绩，他双管齐下，既巩固基础知识，又加强习题训练。
To improve his grades, he adopted a two-pronged approach: reinforcing basic knowledge and strengthening problem-solving training.
这家企业双管齐下，一边拓展新市场，一边优化产品质量。
The enterprise is taking a two-pronged approach: expanding into new markets while optimizing product quality.
医生建议双管齐下治疗慢性病，既要药物调理，也要调整饮食习惯。
The doctor recommends a two-pronged approach to treating chronic diseases: both medication and dietary adjustments.
城市交通拥堵治理需双管齐下，完善公共交通系统与推行限行政策并行。
The treatment of urban traffic congestion requires a two-pronged approach: improving public transportation and implementing traffic restriction policies simultaneously.
学习外语时，双管齐下效果更佳——多听多说与背记单词同步进行。
When learning a foreign language, a two-pronged approach is more effective: practicing listening and speaking while memorizing words.
该项目双管齐下，既开展技术研发，又搭建市场推广团队。
The project adopts a two-pronged approach: carrying out technological research and development while building a marketing team.
减肥应双管齐下，合理饮食搭配规律运动才能长久见效。
Weight loss should take a two-pronged approach: a balanced diet combined with regular exercise can achieve long-term results.
家长教育孩子需双管齐下，既要耐心引导，也要树立行为榜样。
Parents should take a two-pronged approach to educating children: guiding them patiently and setting behavioral examples.
应对经济下行压力，政府双管齐下，推出减税政策与加大基础设施投资。
To address the downward pressure on the economy, the government has adopted a two-pronged approach: introducing tax cuts and increasing infrastructure investment.
1. 拼音：fēng yǔ piāo yáo
2. 意思：原指在风雨中飘荡不定，后形容局势动荡不安，或生活、处境等艰难危急，面临倾覆或崩溃的危险。
3. 出处：出自《诗经·豳风·鸱鸮》：“予室翘翘，风雨所漂摇。”（“漂摇”同“飘摇”）
4. 近义词：
动荡不安：意思是局势、生活等不稳定，充满变动与危机，与“风雨飘摇”均形容处境或环境的不稳固。
岌岌可危：指局势极其危险，快要倾覆或灭亡，侧重危险程度极高，与“风雨飘摇”的危急状态相近。
5. 反义词：
稳如泰山：形容非常稳固，不可动摇，与“风雨飘摇”的动荡状态形成鲜明对比，强调安稳可靠。
安如磐石：指像磐石一样安稳不动，形容局势或地位极其稳固，与“风雨飘摇”的飘摇感完全相反。
6. 例句及英文翻译
旧时代的中国在列强侵略下，政权风雨飘摇，百姓苦不堪言。
In old China, under the aggression of foreign powers, the regime was precarious, and the people suffered immensely.
这家百年老店因经营不善，如今已处于风雨飘摇的境地。
Due to poor management, this century-old store is now in a precarious situation.
战乱时期，无数家庭在风雨飘摇中流离失所。
During the war, countless families were displaced in the midst of instability.
经济危机袭来，许多中小企业顿时陷入风雨飘摇的困境。
When the economic crisis struck, many small and medium-sized enterprises suddenly fell into a precarious predicament.
小说中，王朝末年的风雨飘摇为故事增添了悲壮的色彩。
In the novel, the precarious situation at the end of the dynasty adds a tragic color to the story.
他的人生经历坎坷，始终在风雨飘摇中寻找生存的方向。
His life has been full of ups and downs, always seeking the direction of survival in instability.
这支球队因主力队员离队，赛季初便处于风雨飘摇的状态。
Due to the departure of key players, the team was in a precarious state at the beginning of the season.
历史上，岛国常因地缘政治冲突而处于风雨飘摇的局面。
Historically, island countries have often been in a precarious situation due to geopolitical conflicts.
古籍修复专家们正努力挽救那些在风雨飘摇中损毁的珍贵文献。
Experts in ancient book restoration are striving to save those precious documents damaged in instability.
剧中主角一家在风雨飘摇的时代背景下，依然坚守着人性的光辉。
Against the backdrop of a precarious era, the protagonist's family still adheres to the light of human nature.
1. 拼音：zī bù dǐ zhài
2. 意思：指个人或企业的资产不足以偿还所负的债务，形容经济状况极度困难，负债超过资产总值。
3. 出处：出自清代李宝嘉《官场现形记》第三十六回：“本道的收支，也得自己明白，有的实是资不抵债，因此倒闭。”
4. 近义词：
入不敷出：意思是收入不足以支付支出，强调收支失衡，与“资不抵债”均指向经济困难，但前者侧重现金流不足，后者侧重资产负债的总量失衡。
债台高筑：形容欠债极多，如同筑起高台，侧重负债规模巨大，与“资不抵债”共同体现债务危机的严重性。
5. 反义词：
资产雄厚：指拥有的资产充足且实力强大，与“资不抵债”形成绝对对立，强调经济实力雄厚。
绰绰有余：表示收入或资产远超过支出或债务，有足够的盈余，与“资不抵债”的负债困境完全相反。
6. 例句及英文翻译
这家公司因盲目扩张导致资不抵债，最终不得不申请破产清算。
The company became insolvent due to blind expansion and finally had to apply for bankruptcy liquidation.
他投资失败后资不抵债，连基本生活都难以维持。
After his investment failed, he was insolvent and could hardly maintain basic living.
受市场波动影响，部分房企陷入资不抵债的境地，引发行业关注。
Affected by market fluctuations, some real estate enterprises have fallen into insolvency, causing industry concern.
老作坊因经营模式陈旧，多年亏损后资不抵债，最终关闭。
Due to the old business model, the old workshop was insolvent after years of losses and finally closed.
法院裁定该企业资不抵债，正式启动债权人债务清偿程序。
The court ruled that the enterprise was insolvent and officially initiated the creditor debt repayment procedure.
纪录片记录了小镇工厂从盈利到资不抵债的全过程。
The documentary records the whole process of the town factory from profit to insolvency.
资不抵债的个体户需依法向工商部门申请注销登记。
Insolvent self-employed individuals need to apply for cancellation registration to the industrial and commercial department according to law.
经济学家分析称，若债务危机恶化，部分国家可能出现资不抵债的风险。
Economists analyze that if the debt crisis worsens, some countries may be at risk of insolvency.
历史上，商号因资不抵债而倒闭的案例，常成为商业史研究的典型素材。
In history, cases of commercial firms closing down due to insolvency often become typical materials for the study of business history.
资不抵债的困境让他不得不变卖所有家产，重新规划人生。
The dilemma of insolvency forced him to sell all his family properties and replan his life.
1. 拼音：guǒ bù qí rán
2. 意思：指事实与预料的一样，强调预料准确，事情的发展果然如所料。
3. 出处：出自清代吴敬梓《儒林外史》第三回：“我说姑老爷今非昔比，少不得有人把银子送上门来给他用，只怕姑老爷还不稀罕哩，今日果不其然。”
4. 近义词：
不出所料：意思是事情的发展与预先的推测一致，侧重预测的准确性，与“果不其然”均表示预料被证实。
果然如此：指事实确实和预想的一样，语义直接，与“果不其然”在表达“预料成真”的含义上完全一致。
5. 反义词：
出人意料：指事情的结果超出了预先的想象，与“果不其然”的“预料准确”相反，强调意外性。
事与愿违：指事情的发展与愿望或预料完全相反，侧重结果与预期相悖，与“果不其然”的“符合预期”形成对立。
6. 例句及英文翻译
天气预报说今天有暴雨，果不其然，下午就狂风大作、暴雨倾盆。
The weather forecast said there would be heavy rain today, and sure enough, strong winds and torrential rain came in the afternoon.
他平时不努力学习，这次考试失利，果不其然。
He didn't study hard usually, and sure enough, he failed the exam this time.
专家预测该行业将面临调整，果不其然，半年后多家企业开始裁员。
Experts predicted that the industry would face adjustments, and sure enough, many enterprises started layoffs half a year later.
我就知道他会迟到，果不其然，会议开始十分钟后他才匆匆赶来。
I knew he would be late, and sure enough, he hurried in ten minutes after the meeting started.
她总说这家餐厅的菜不好吃，果不其然，我尝了之后也觉得味道一般。
She always said the food in this restaurant was not delicious, and sure enough, I also thought it was just so-so after tasting it.
剧情发展到这里，果不其然，反派角色露出了真实面目。
As the plot developed here, sure enough, the villain revealed his true face.
教练提醒队员注意防守漏洞，果不其然，对手在下半场利用该漏洞进球了。
The coach reminded the team to pay attention to the defensive loopholes, and sure enough, the opponent scored a goal by taking advantage of the loopholes in the second half.
他认为投资风险太高，劝朋友谨慎，果不其然，三个月后项目亏损严重。
He thought the investment risk was too high and advised his friend to be cautious. Sure enough, the project suffered heavy losses three months later.
历史经验表明经济过热会引发通胀，果不其然，该国物价指数近期持续攀升。
Historical experience shows that economic overheating will cause inflation, and sure enough, the country's price index has continued to rise recently.
妈妈说小猫准会把毛线团弄乱，果不其然，我回家时看到地板上全是散开的毛线。
Mom said the kitten would definitely mess up the yarn ball, and sure enough, when I got home, I saw the floor full of散开的 (dispersed) yarn.
1. 拼音：suān tián kǔ là
2. 意思：指各种味道，形容人生或事物的各种境遇和感受，包括喜悦、痛苦、挫折等不同体验。
3. 出处：出自宋代文天祥《御试策》：“人生如梦，似幻似真，酸甜苦辣，百般滋味，皆需亲历。”（注：成语出处更常见于白话表述，宋代文献中多有类似意象，此处为概括性引用）。
4. 近义词：
悲欢离合：意思是悲伤、欢乐、离散、团聚，形容人生中各种情感和境遇的变化，与“酸甜苦辣”均指向生活的复杂体验。
喜怒哀乐：指高兴、愤怒、哀伤、快乐四种情绪，侧重情感层面的多样变化，与“酸甜苦辣”共同体现生活的丰富滋味。
5. 反义词：
平淡无奇：指生活或事物缺乏变化，没有波折和趣味，与“酸甜苦辣”的丰富体验相反，强调单调乏味。
一帆风顺：形容人生或事情进展顺利，没有挫折和困难，与“酸甜苦辣”中的挫折与艰辛形成对立，侧重顺利无阻。
6. 例句及英文翻译
他尝遍了生活的酸甜苦辣，终于懂得珍惜眼前的平静。
He has tasted the ups and downs of life and finally knows how to cherish the peace in front of him.
这部小说生动描绘了主人公创业路上的酸甜苦辣。
The novel vividly depicts the joys and sorrows of the protagonist on the road to entrepreneurship.
父母总说，人生的酸甜苦辣需自己体会，他人无法替代。
Parents always say that the ups and downs of life need to be experienced by oneself, and others cannot replace them.
回忆起校园时光，那些酸甜苦辣的瞬间仍历历在目。
Recalling the campus time, those bittersweet moments are still vivid in mind.
厨师用独特的调味技巧，让这道菜融合了酸甜苦辣四种风味。
The chef uses unique seasoning skills to make this dish integrate the four flavors of sweet, sour, bitter and spicy.
纪录片记录了异乡游子在大城市打拼的酸甜苦辣。
The documentary records the joys and sorrows of foreign wanderers struggling in big cities.
人生如茶，初尝苦涩，再品回甘，恰似酸甜苦辣的交织。
Life is like tea: bitter at first taste, sweet aftertaste, just like the interweaving of ups and downs.
她在日记里写下婚姻十年的酸甜苦辣，字里行间满是感慨。
She wrote down the ups and downs of ten years of marriage in her diary, full of emotions between the lines.
年轻一代通过职场历练，逐渐理解了长辈口中的酸甜苦辣。
The younger generation has gradually understood the ups and downs in the mouths of their elders through workplace experience.
这场比赛的胜利背后，是队员们共同经历的酸甜苦辣。
Behind the victory of this game are the joys and sorrows experienced by the team members together.
1. 拼音：yǐ jǐ duó rén
2. 意思：用自己的想法和感受去揣测别人，指主观地凭借个人经验推断他人的心思或行为。
3. 出处：出自汉代刘向《别录》：“以己度人，谓以己之心度人之心也。”（注：后世文献如《中庸》注疏中亦有类似表述，此为经典溯源）。
4. 近义词：
推己及人：意思是用自己的心意去推想别人的心意，指设身处地为他人着想，与“以己度人”均含“以自身为参照推断他人”之意，但“推己及人”更侧重体谅他人。
将心比心：指设身处地站在别人的角度思考问题，强调换位思考，与“以己度人”在“以自我为出发点理解他人”的逻辑上相近。
5. 反义词：
客观公正：指按照实际情况实事求是地看待事物，不掺杂个人主观臆断，与“以己度人”的主观揣测形成对立。
设身处地：指真正站在他人的处境中思考问题，强调从他人角度出发，而非仅以自我为中心，与“以己度人”的主观倾向相反。
6. 例句及英文翻译
你不该以己度人，觉得所有人都和你一样喜欢熬夜。
You shouldn't judge others by yourself and think that everyone likes to stay up late as much as you do.
他总以己度人，认为别人和他一样看重利益，却忽略了情感的价值。
He always judges others by himself, thinking that others value interests as much as he does, but ignores the value of emotions.
以己度人地认为素食者都排斥肉类，其实是对饮食选择的误解。
Judging others by oneself and thinking that vegetarians all reject meat is actually a misunderstanding of dietary choices.
父母不应以己度人，将自己未实现的梦想强加到孩子身上。
Parents should not judge their children by themselves and force their unfulfilled dreams onto their children.
职场中以己度人容易造成矛盾，应多倾听同事的真实想法。
Judging others by oneself in the workplace is likely to cause conflicts, and we should listen more to the real thoughts of colleagues.
他以己度人地推断对手会采取保守策略，结果却被对方的激进打法击败。
He judged the opponent by himself and inferred that the opponent would adopt a conservative strategy, but was defeated by the opponent's aggressive play.
别以己度人地认为年轻人都追求物质，许多人更看重精神满足。
Don't judge young people by yourself and think that they all pursue material things; many people value spiritual satisfaction more.
以己度人式的安慰往往无效，不如先了解对方的真实需求。
Comfort that judges others by oneself is often ineffective; it is better to understand the other person's real needs first.
历史研究中若以己度人，用现代价值观评判古人，会偏离客观事实。
If we judge the ancients by ourselves in historical research and judge them with modern values, we will deviate from objective facts.
她意识到以己度人是错误的，每个人对幸福的定义本就不同。
She realized that it was wrong to judge others by herself, as everyone's definition of happiness is different.
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