常用成语 第121天 中考成语 高考成语
1. 拼音：gǔn guā làn shú
2. 意思：形容对事物记得非常牢固，念诵或背诵得极其流利顺畅。
3. 出处：清·吴敬梓《儒林外史》第十一回“十一二岁就讲书、读文章，先把一部王守溪的稿子读得滚瓜烂熟”。
4. 近义词：倒背如流，指将文章倒过来背诵也能像流水般顺畅，形容记忆熟练且准确无误。
5. 反义词：吞吞吐吐，形容说话时犹豫迟疑、欲言又止，表达不流畅、不熟练的状态。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
这篇课文他早就背得滚瓜烂熟了。
He has long memorized this text thoroughly.
老师让背诵的古诗，她总是能滚瓜烂熟地背出来。
She can always recite the ancient poems that the teacher asked to memorize fluently.
对于英语单词，他已经掌握得滚瓜烂熟。
He has mastered English words thoroughly.
这个知识点我复习了很多遍，已经滚瓜烂熟了。
I have reviewed this knowledge point many times and am already very familiar with it.
她把演讲稿背得滚瓜烂熟，所以演讲时非常自信。
She memorized the speech thoroughly, so she was very confident during the speech.
小时候背的乘法口诀，他至今仍滚瓜烂熟。
The multiplication table he memorized when he was a child is still very familiar to him.
经过反复练习，他对这首曲子的指法已经滚瓜烂熟。
After repeated practice, he has become very familiar with the fingering of this piece of music.
考试前，他把所有的知识点都复习得滚瓜烂熟。
Before the exam, he reviewed all the knowledge points thoroughly.
这位演员将台词背得滚瓜烂熟，表演时得心应手。
The actor memorized the lines thoroughly and performed with ease.
她对家乡的路线滚瓜烂熟，闭着眼睛都能走。
She is very familiar with the routes in her hometown and can walk with her eyes closed.
1. 拼音：zì gǔ yǐ lái
2. 意思：从古代以来，意思是从过去的某个久远的时期一直到现在，强调某种事物、观念、现象等有着长久的历史根源。
3. 出处：《史记·孝武本纪》：“自古以来，未尝有也。”
4. 近义词：
古已有之：古代就已经有了，表示事物在很久以前就存在，和自古以来一样，都侧重于说明事物的久远历史。
亘古通今：亘：横贯；通：贯通。指从古到今，与自古以来意思相近，都用于体现时间跨度从古代延续至今。
5. 反义词：
从今往后：从现在开始往后的日子，与自古以来相反，重点在未来的时间范围，而非过去。
自今而后：意思是从今以后，强调从当下开始，与自古以来所强调的过去到现在的时间跨度形成对比。
6. 例句：
自古以来，中华民族就有着勤劳勇敢的品质。
自古以来，人们对月亮就充满了浪漫的想象。
自古以来，黄河就是中华民族的母亲河。
自古以来，诚信就是为人处世的重要原则。
自古以来，许多文人墨客钟情于山水之间。
自古以来，尊老爱幼就是中华民族的传统美德。
自古以来，中国就有着丰富的茶文化。
自古以来，战争给人类带来了巨大的灾难。
自古以来，权力的斗争在宫廷中从未停止。
自古以来，民间故事口口相传，承载着人们的智慧。
1. 拼音：péng chéng wàn lǐ
2. 意思：比喻前程远大，发展前景广阔，常用于祝福或形容抱负非凡。
3. 出处：《庄子·逍遥游》中记载“鹏之徙于南冥也，水击三千里，抟扶摇而上者九万里”，后以“鹏程万里”形容志向高远。
4. 近义词：前程似锦，指未来的发展如锦绣般美好，形容前途十分光明。
5. 反义词：穷途末路，指到了无路可走的地步，形容处境极端困难，前景黯淡。
例句及英文翻译：
他才华横溢，定能鹏程万里，闯出一番事业。
His talent is outstanding, and he will surely have a bright future and make a great career.
愿你毕业后鹏程万里，在新的领域发光发热。
May you have a promising future after graduation and shine in new fields.
这位青年科学家的研究成果卓越，未来鹏程万里。
The young scientist has made remarkable research achievements and has a brilliant future.
父母总希望孩子能鹏程万里，实现人生价值。
Parents always hope that their children can have a great future and realize their life values.
公司凭借创新技术开拓市场，必将鹏程万里。
Relying on innovative technologies to expand the market, the company will surely have a bright future.
他从小立下大志，誓要鹏程万里，报效祖国。
He made a great ambition since childhood, vowing to have a promising future and serve the motherland.
这位运动员在国际赛事中崭露头角，前程鹏程万里。
The athlete has made a breakthrough in international competitions and has a bright future.
创业者凭借独到的眼光和毅力，终将鹏程万里。
With unique vision and perseverance, entrepreneurs will eventually have a great career.
老师寄语毕业生：愿你们鹏程万里，不负韶华。
The teacher sent a message to the graduates: May you have a promising future and live up to your youth.
时代为青年提供了广阔舞台，让他们得以鹏程万里。
The era has provided a broad stage for young people, allowing them to have a bright future.
1. 拼音：chū yú wú nài
2. 意思：指行为或决定是由于无可奈何、被迫而为之，并非出于本意。
3. 出处：清代李汝珍《镜花缘》第六回：“哥哥们且请少坐，小弟出于无奈，才敢求救诸位。”
4. 近义词：无可奈何，指感到没有办法，只能这样，强调因客观条件限制而不得不如此。
5. 反义词：心甘情愿，指完全愿意，毫不勉强，形容做某事是出于内心自愿。
例句及英文翻译：
他出于无奈，只能放弃心爱的工作去照顾生病的家人。
Out of helplessness, he had to give up his beloved job to take care of his sick family.
公司裁员是出于无奈，并非对员工能力的否定。
The company's layoffs were out of necessity, not a denial of employees' abilities.
她出于无奈，只能向对手妥协以换取项目的推进。
Out of helplessness, she had to compromise with her opponent to advance the project.
这场雨来得突然，我们出于无奈只能取消户外野餐。
The rain came suddenly, and we had to cancel the outdoor picnic out of necessity.
他出于无奈才撒谎，心里其实十分愧疚。
He lied out of helplessness, but felt very guilty inside.
球队更换教练是出于无奈，希望能扭转连败局面。
The team replaced the coach out of necessity, hoping to reverse the losing streak.
老人出于无奈，将祖传的玉佩变卖来支付医药费。
Out of helplessness, the old man sold the ancestral jade pendant to pay for medical expenses.
我出于无奈才拒绝你的邀请，实在是时间冲突。
I refused your invitation out of necessity; it was really a time conflict.
商家降价促销是出于无奈，只为清理积压库存。
The merchant's price reduction promotion is out of necessity, only to clear the backlog of inventory.
他出于无奈离开家乡，远赴他乡谋生。
Out of helplessness, he left his hometown and went far away to make a living.
1. 拼音：xiù sè kě cān
2. 意思：形容女子姿容非常美丽或景物非常优美，让人入迷忘情。
3. 出处：出自晋代陆机的《日出东南隅行》：“鲜肤一何润，秀色若可餐。”
4. 近义词：
国色天香：原形容颜色和香气不同于一般花卉的牡丹花，后也形容女子的美丽。
倾国倾城：形容女子容貌极美。
沉鱼落雁：形容女子容貌美丽，使鱼见之沉入水底，雁见之降落沙洲。
闭月羞花：使月亮躲藏，使花儿害羞，形容女子容貌极美。
5. 反义词：
其貌不扬：指人的容貌平常或丑陋。
獐头鼠目：形容相貌丑陋猥琐而神情狡猾。
面目可憎：形容人的容貌或事物的样子令人厌恶。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
这位姑娘生得眉清目秀，秀色可餐，真是让人眼前一亮。
This girl is beautiful and charming, with looks that are delicious to the eye, which really makes people眼前一亮.
西湖的景色秀丽，秀色可餐，吸引了无数游客前来观赏。
The scenery of the West Lake is beautiful and charming, with a beauty that can be savored, attracting countless tourists to come and admire.
她站在花丛中，笑靥如花，秀色可餐，宛如一幅美丽的画卷。
She stands in the flower丛中, smiling like a flower, with a beauty that can be eaten, just like a beautiful picture.
黄山的奇峰异石，云海松涛，秀色可餐，令游客陶醉其中。
The strange peaks and rocks, sea of clouds and pine waves of Huangshan are beautiful and charming, making tourists intoxicated.
这位女演员不仅演技精湛，而且容貌出众，秀色可餐，深受观众喜爱。
This actress not only has superb acting skills, but also has outstanding looks and a beauty that can be savored, which is deeply loved by the audience.
春天的郊外，绿草如茵，鲜花盛开，秀色可餐，让人心情愉悦。
In the郊外 in spring, the green grass is like a carpet, and the flowers are in full bloom, with a beauty that can be eaten, making people feel happy.
他在宴会上看到一位秀色可餐的女子，不禁为之倾倒。
He saw a beautiful and charming woman at the banquet and couldn't help but be倾倒.
桂林山水甲天下，那里的景色秀色可餐，令人流连忘返。
The mountains and rivers of Guilin are the best in the world, and the scenery there is beautiful and charming, making people linger.
这幅油画中的女子，姿态优雅，秀色可餐，展现了画家高超的技艺。
The woman in this oil painting has an elegant posture and a beauty that can be savored, showing the painter's superb skills.
深秋的红叶谷，层林尽染，秀色可餐，是摄影爱好者的天堂。
In the Red Leaf Valley in late autumn, the forests are all dyed, with a beauty that can be eaten, and it is a paradise for photography enthusiasts.
1. 拼音：qí gǔ xiāng dāng
2. 意思：比喻双方力量不相上下，实力或能力相当。
3. 出处：出自《后汉书·隗嚣传》：“如令子阳到汉中、三辅，愿因将军兵马，鼓旗相当。”
4. 近义词：
势均力敌：双方势力相等，不分高低。
不相上下：分不出高低好坏，形容水平相当。
棋逢对手：比喻争斗的双方本领不相上下。
工力悉敌：双方用的功夫和力量相当，常形容两个优秀的艺术作品不分高下。
5. 反义词：
天差地别：形容两种或多种事物之间的差距极大，就像天和地之间的距离一样。
强弱悬殊：指双方实力差距很大。
众寡不敌：人少的一方抵挡不住人多的一方。
相去甚远：互相之间存在很大差异和距离。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
这两支足球队的实力旗鼓相当，比赛一定很精彩。
The strengths of these two football teams are quite equal, and the game must be very exciting.
两位棋手棋艺旗鼓相当，最终战成了平局。
The chess skills of the two chess players are comparable, and they finally ended in a draw.
这两家公司在市场上的地位旗鼓相当，竞争十分激烈。
The positions of these two companies in the market are about equal, and the competition is very fierce.
这场辩论赛正反双方旗鼓相当，难分胜负。
The positive and negative sides of this debate are evenly matched, and it is difficult to determine the winner.
两支篮球队旗鼓相当，比赛进入了加时赛。
The two basketball teams are equally matched, and the game went into overtime.
这两位歌手的唱功旗鼓相当，难分伯仲。
The singing skills of these two singers are quite equal, and it is difficult to distinguish between them.
他们两人的实力旗鼓相当，谁也不敢轻视对方。
Their strengths are equal, and neither dares to underestimate the other.
这两支军队旗鼓相当，一场恶战即将爆发。
These two armies are equally matched, and a fierce battle is about to break out.
两位运动员旗鼓相当，最终的冠军归属难以预测。
The two athletes are equally matched, and the final championship is difficult to predict.
这两部电影的票房旗鼓相当，都取得了不错的成绩。
The box offices of these two movies are quite equal, and both have achieved good results.
1. 拼音：bù kě yī shì
2. 意思：形容人自高自大，目空一切，认为当代的人都不行，极度狂妄自大。
3. 出处：出自宋·罗大经《鹤林玉露补遗》卷十五：“荆公少年，不可一世。”（荆公指王安石）
4. 近义词：
目空一切：什么都不放在眼里，形容极端骄傲自大。
狂妄自大：极其放肆，自高自大，目中无人。
自高自大：自以为了不起，看不起别人。
旁若无人：形容态度傲慢，不把别人放在眼里。
5. 反义词：
虚怀若谷：胸怀像山谷那样深而且宽广，形容十分谦虚，能容纳别人的意见。
谦谦君子：指谦虚谨慎、能严格要求自己、品格高尚的人。
妄自菲薄：过分看不起自己，形容自卑心理。
谦逊低调：态度谦虚恭谨，不张扬显露。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
他刚取得一点成绩就不可一世，这种态度让周围的人很反感。
He became insufferably arrogant as soon as he achieved a little success, and this attitude made people around him very disgusted.
这位明星曾经不可一世，如今却因负面新闻人气大跌。
The star used to be overbearing, but now his popularity has plummeted due to negative news.
历史上许多不可一世的统治者，最终都被人民推翻了。
Many overbearing rulers in history were eventually overthrown by the people.
他不可一世的样子，仿佛全世界都要围着他转。
He looked insolent, as if the whole world had to revolve around him.
年轻人若不可一世，往往会在挫折中栽跟头。
If young people are arrogant, they often stumble in setbacks.
对手不可一世的挑衅，反而激发了他更强的斗志。
The opponent's overbearing provocation instead inspired his stronger fighting spirit.
曾经不可一世的王朝，最终在内外交困中覆灭。
The once overbearing dynasty finally collapsed in internal and external troubles.
他总是摆出不可一世的姿态，殊不知自己的短板早已暴露。
He always puts on an arrogant posture, but he doesn't know that his shortcomings have long been exposed.
别被他不可一世的外表迷惑，其实他内心很空虚。
Don't be confused by his overbearing appearance; in fact, his heart is very empty.
不可一世的骄傲，往往是失败的前兆。
Overbearing pride is often a precursor to failure.
1. 拼音：tòng bù yù shēng
2. 意思：形容悲痛到了极点，痛苦得不想活下去。
3. 出处：出自宋·吕大钧《吊说》：“其恻怛之心、痛疾之意不欲生。”
4. 近义词：
悲痛欲绝：悲哀伤心到了极点，侧重于因极度悲伤而几乎失去生命活力。
肝肠寸断：比喻伤心到极点，侧重内心痛苦如肠断般剧烈。
痛彻心扉：指痛苦的感觉穿透内心，形容疼痛或悲痛至极。
心如刀割：心里就像刀割一样，形容内心痛苦到了极点。
5. 反义词：
欣喜若狂：高兴到了极点，侧重于极度喜悦的情绪。
欢天喜地：形容非常高兴、喜悦的样子，强调情绪的欢快。
兴高采烈：形容兴致高昂，情绪热烈，侧重精神状态的积极。
乐不可支：快乐到不能撑持的地步，形容欣喜到极点。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
得知亲人突然离世的消息，她痛不欲生，整日以泪洗面。
Learning the sudden news of her relative's death, she was in such pain that she didn't want to live, spending all day in tears.
那场意外让他失去了双腿，一度痛不欲生，最终在家人鼓励下重新振作。
The accident made him lose his legs, and he was once in extreme pain, but finally pulled himself together with his family's encouragement.
他创业失败后负债累累，一度痛不欲生，却在朋友帮助下找到了新方向。
After his business failed and he was heavily in debt, he was once in such pain that he didn't want to live, but found a new direction with the help of friends.
女主角在剧中痛失爱子，那段表演让观众也跟着痛不欲生。
The female lead in the play lost her beloved son, and that performance made the audience feel as if they were in unbearable pain.
战争中失去所有家人的老人，至今想起仍会痛不欲生。
The old man who lost all his family in the war still feels pain beyond bearing when he thinks about it.
她收到分手信后痛不欲生，躲在房间里三天没有出门。
After receiving the breakup letter, she was in such agony that she stayed in the room for three days without going out.
目睹宠物离世的小女孩，趴在地上痛不欲生，久久无法释怀。
The little girl who witnessed her pet's death lay on the ground in unbearable pain, unable to let go for a long time.
他因误诊失去最佳治疗时机，得知真相后痛不欲生。
He missed the best treatment opportunity due to a misdiagnosis and was in extreme pain when he learned the truth.
历史上许多文人在理想破灭后，曾陷入痛不欲生的境地。
Many literati in history fell into a state of unbearable pain after their ideals were shattered.
痛不欲生的情绪笼罩着整个家庭，直到很久后才渐渐消散。
The emotion of being in such pain that one doesn't want to live hung over the whole family until it gradually faded away long after.
1. 拼音：jué yī sǐ zhàn
2. 意思：指同敌人作一次你死我活的战斗，多用来形容某人对某事的一种精神状态及两军打仗时对战斗胜利的渴望与决心。
3. 出处：出自明·罗贯中《三国演义》第三十三回：“来日尽驱百姓当先，以军继其后，与曹操决一死战。”
4. 近义词：
背水一战：比喻在艰难情况下跟敌人决一死战，强调不留退路的决心。
浴血奋战：形容顽强地拼死战斗，侧重战斗过程的惨烈与英勇。
血战到底：指激烈战斗到最后一刻，体现坚持到底的战斗意志。
破釜沉舟：比喻不留退路，非打胜仗不可，下决心不顾一切地干到底。
5. 反义词：
望风而逃：远远望见对方的气势很盛，就吓得逃跑了，形容十分怯敌。
不战而溃：没有开战就自行崩溃，形容毫无战斗力。
屈膝投降：跪下求饶，向对方投降，指放弃抵抗，屈服于对方。
弃甲曳兵：丢掉盔甲，拖着武器，形容打败仗狼狈逃跑的样子。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
战士们抱着决一死战的决心，守护着阵地的最后一道防线。
The soldiers guarded the last line of defense with the determination to fight a life-and-death battle.
面对强敌，球队教练鼓励队员们拿出决一死战的勇气。
Facing a strong opponent, the team coach encouraged the players to show the courage to fight a decisive battle.
历史上的农民起义军在绝境中常以决一死战的姿态反抗暴政。
In history, peasant rebels often resisted tyranny with the attitude of a life-and-death battle in desperate situations.
将军在战前动员中喊道：“今日唯有决一死战，方能守护家国！”
The general shouted in the pre-war mobilization: "Only by fighting a life-and-death battle today can we protect our country and family!"
这支队伍在连败后重整旗鼓，誓与下一个对手决一死战。
After consecutive defeats, the team regrouped and vowed to fight a decisive battle with the next opponent.
他握紧拳头，眼神坚定，准备与命运决一死战。
He clenched his fists and looked determined, ready to fight a life-and-death battle with fate.
两国舰队在海上相遇，一场决一死战的较量即将爆发。
The fleets of the two countries met at sea, and a life-and-death battle was about to break out.
尽管实力悬殊，他们仍选择决一死战，不愿不战而降。
Despite the disparity in strength, they still chose to fight a life-and-death battle rather than surrender without a fight.
武侠小说中，高手往往为了正义与邪恶势力决一死战。
In martial arts novels, masters often fight a life-and-death battle with evil forces for justice.
教练告诉队员：“哪怕只剩最后一分钟，也要有决一死战的拼劲！”
The coach told the players: "Even if there is only the last minute, we must have the fighting spirit to fight a decisive battle!"
1. 拼音：gōng gāo wàng zhòng
2. 意思：功劳大而名望高。
3. 出处：明·孙梅锡《琴心记·相如受世》：“将军不必怨怅，你功高望重，不久自明。”
4. 近义词：
德高望重：品德高尚，声望很高，多称颂年纪高而且大多是有名望的人，和功高望重都强调因自身优秀特质而拥有很高的威望，不过一个侧重功绩，一个侧重品德。
功成名遂：功绩建立了，名声也有了，与功高望重有相似之处，都体现出因功成名就而有较高声望。
5. 反义词：
德薄能鲜：德行浅薄，才能不足，多用于自谦，与功高望重相反，突出自身能力和品德的欠缺。
无名小卒：指不出名的小兵，比喻没有名望或地位的人，和功高望重形成鲜明对比，强调没有功绩和声望。
6. 例句：
这位老将军功高望重，深受士兵们的爱戴。
在公司里，他功高望重，大家都很尊重他的意见。
那位科学家功高望重，为国家科研事业做出了巨大贡献。
功高望重的老校长为学校的发展付出了毕生心血。
这位政治家在国际上功高望重，对国际局势有着重要影响。
他在行业内功高望重，很多新人都以他为榜样。
村里那位功高望重的老人经常为村民调解纠纷。
作为功高望重的学者，他的每一次演讲都座无虚席。
功高望重的董事长决定了公司未来的发展战略。
这位功高望重的艺术家，其作品在艺术界有着极高的评价。
1. 拼音：néng qiā huì suàn
2. 意思：形容擅长推测事物的发展趋势或预先估计事态的结果，仿佛有预知能力，多含夸张意味。
3. 出处：出自清代吴敬梓《儒林外史》第十七回：“邹吉甫道：‘要是孔夫子在世，也要让他三分，他虽不曾中秀才，却比那能掐会算的神仙还灵。’”
4. 近义词：
料事如神：形容预料事情非常准确，强调对事物发展的预见性极强。
未卜先知：没有占卜就能事先知道，指有预见性，侧重神秘的预知能力。
神机妙算：形容善于估计复杂的变化情势，决定策略，强调谋略与预判的高明。
先知先觉：指对事物发展的认识早于一般人，侧重认知的前瞻性。
5. 反义词：
鼠目寸光：形容目光短浅，没有远见，无法预测事物的发展。
目光如豆：眼光像豆子那样小，形容见识短浅，缺乏预见性。
愚昧无知：缺乏知识，愚蠢不明白事理，无法对事物做出合理判断。
冥顽不灵：形容愚昧昏庸又顽固不化，对事物发展毫无预判能力。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
他总说自己能掐会算，结果投资次次亏损，根本不可信。
He always claims to be able to predict, but his investments lose money every time—he's completely untrustworthy.
故事里的道士能掐会算，总能在危难前告知村民躲避灾祸。
The Taoist priest in the story could predict the future, always notifying villagers to avoid disasters before danger struck.
别信那些能掐会算的江湖骗子，他们不过是靠话术骗人。
Don't believe those itinerant swindlers who claim to be fortune-tellers—they just deceive people with rhetoric.
母亲仿佛能掐会算，总能在我回家前做好我爱吃的菜。
My mother seems to have a sixth sense, always cooking my favorite dishes before I get home.
他能掐会算的本事，让大家误以为他真有超自然能力。
His ability to predict things made everyone mistakenly think he had supernatural powers.
谋士凭借能掐会算的智谋，助将军在战场上屡获大胜。
Relying on his predictive strategies, the advisor helped the general win repeated great victories on the battlefield.
科幻小说中，主角因基因突变获得能掐会算的能力。
In the sci-fi novel, the protagonist gains the ability to predict through genetic mutation.
奶奶常说爷爷生前能掐会算，连自己的离世时间都预料到了。
Grandma often said that Grandpa could predict the future before his death, even anticipating the time of his own passing.
这家公司的分析师并非能掐会算，只是比别人更擅长数据分析。
The analysts of this company aren't fortune-tellers—they're just better at data analysis than others.
他装出能掐会算的样子，实则是提前打听好了所有信息。
He pretended to be able to predict, but in reality, he had already inquired about all the information in advance.
1. 拼音：cóng tóu dào wěi
2. 意思：从开头到结尾，指某件事物的全过程或全部内容。
3. 出处：宋·朱熹《朱子语类》卷二十：“今来所问，皆是不会仔细看书，又不曾从头到尾看，只是中间接起一句一字来备礼发问。”
4. 近义词：
自始至终：从开始到末了，表示一贯到底，和从头到尾都强调全过程，没有遗漏。
彻头彻尾：从头到尾，全部，十足的意思，与从头到尾类似，用于描述完整涵盖某一范围。
5. 反义词：
掐头去尾：除去前头后头两部分，也比喻除去没有用的部分，和从头到尾相反，不是关注整体，而是去除部分内容。
半途而废：指做事不能坚持到底，中途停顿，有始无终，与从头到尾形成鲜明对比，强调没有完成整个过程。
6. 例句：
他把事情的经过从头到尾详细地说了一遍。
我从头到尾看了那本书，感觉收获颇丰。
她从头到尾参与了这个项目，对项目情况了如指掌。
老师让他把故事从头到尾背诵下来。
他从头到尾检查了一遍机器，确保没有问题。
我们要把这项政策从头到尾落实好。
她从头到尾观看了比赛，为运动员们加油助威。
他把计划从头到尾修改了一遍，使其更加完善。
记者从头到尾采访了事件的相关人员。
他从头到尾复习了考试内容，准备充分应考。
1. 拼音：shù shǒu jiù qín
2. 意思：形容毫不抵抗，乖乖地让人捉住，指放弃反抗、甘愿被擒的状态。
3. 出处：出自明代罗贯中《三国演义》第七十三回：“芳（糜芳）愿束手归降，惟乞免死。”后演变为“束手就擒”。
4. 近义词：
坐以待毙：坐着等死，指不积极想办法，只等着灭亡，强调被动等待失败。
俯首就缚：低下头让人捆绑，形容毫无反抗之意，主动屈服。
引颈受戮：伸长脖子等待被杀，指不作抵抗而等死，侧重心甘情愿接受惩罚。
束手待毙：捆起手来等死，比喻遇到困难不积极想办法解决，却坐等失败。
5. 反义词：
负隅顽抗：指依仗某种条件，顽固进行抵抗，强调不甘心失败而反抗。
宁死不屈：宁愿死也不屈服，形容坚守气节，绝不向敌人屈服。
垂死挣扎：临死前的挣扎，比喻行将灭亡之时的孤注一掷，强调最后反抗。
奋力反抗：鼓起勇气猛烈反抗，指积极主动地抵抗，不轻易屈服。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
敌军被围困多日，弹尽粮绝后只能束手就擒。
The enemy troops were besieged for many days and could only surrender without resistance after running out of ammunition and food.
小偷被围堵在死胡同里，只能束手就擒。
The thief was cornered in a dead end and had to give himself up.
面对绝对优势的警力，毒贩们只好束手就擒。
Facing the overwhelming police force, the drug dealers had no choice but to surrender.
他宁死也不愿束手就擒，毅然冲向了敌人的阵营。
He would rather die than be captured without resistance and resolutely charged into the enemy's camp.
这支队伍在比赛中落后时，没有束手就擒，而是奋力反击。
When the team fell behind in the game, they did not give up but fought back fiercely.
历史上的英雄们从不会束手就擒，总是血战到底。
Heroes in history never surrendered without resistance and always fought to the end.
劫匪看到警察包围了大楼，知道无法逃脱，只能束手就擒。
Seeing the police surrounding the building, the robbers knew they couldn't escape and had to surrender.
即使身处绝境，他也不愿束手就擒，而是寻找机会突围。
Even in a desperate situation, he was unwilling to be captured and looked for an opportunity to break through.
猎物被猎人的陷阱困住后，只能束手就擒。
After being trapped in the hunter's trap, the prey could only be captured without resistance.
这个犯罪团伙在证据确凿面前，不得不束手就擒。
In the face of conclusive evidence, the criminal gang had to surrender.
1. 拼音：wú kě jiù yào
2. 意思：比喻事物坏到无法挽救的地步，指病情、局势或人的品行等已彻底恶化，没有任何好转的可能。
3. 出处：出自《诗经·大雅·板》：“多将熇熇，不可救药。”原指火势太大无法扑灭，后引申为无法挽救。
4. 近义词：
病入膏肓：形容病情严重到无法医治，也比喻事态严重到不可挽回的地步，强调程度极深。
不可救疗：指病势或局势严重，无法挽救，与“无可救药”语义相近。
朽木难雕：腐烂的木头难以雕刻，比喻人不可造就或事物无法挽救，侧重本质败坏。
回天乏术：比喻局势或病情严重，无法挽回，强调无力改变现状。
5. 反义词：
药到病除：形容药物灵验，一用药病就好了，比喻措施得当，问题迅速解决。
起死回生：把快要死的人救活，形容医术高明，也比喻把处于绝境的事物挽救过来。
妙手回春：称赞医生医术高明，能把垂危的病人治好，引申为挽救濒危事物。
大有可为：事情有发展前途，很值得做，指尚有挽救或改进的空间。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
他的懒惰已无可救药，每天除了睡觉就是玩游戏。
His laziness is incurable; he does nothing but sleep and play games every day.
生态环境若继续恶化，地球将面临无可救药的危机。
If the ecological environment continues to deteriorate, the earth will face an incurable crisis.
这部小说的情节逻辑混乱，被读者批评为无可救药的烂作。
The plot logic of this novel is chaotic, criticized by readers as an incurable bad work.
他对赌博的沉迷已无可救药，最终输掉了所有家产。
His addiction to gambling is beyond redemption, and he finally lost all his family property.
当团队信任彻底崩塌时，项目进度已无可救药地滞后。
When the team trust collapsed completely, the project progress lagged behind irreparably.
医生说老人的病已无可救药，家人只能陪伴他度过最后时光。
The doctor said the old man's illness was incurable, and his family could only accompany him through his last days.
这种错误的教育方式，会让孩子的价值观变得无可救药。
This wrong educational method will make children's values irredeemable.
公司的财务漏洞若不及时填补，终将走向无可救药的破产。
If the company's financial loopholes are not filled in time, it will eventually go bankrupt beyond redemption.
他对过去的错误毫无悔改之意，简直是无可救药。
He has no repentance for his past mistakes and is simply beyond cure.
这片被污染的森林，曾被认为无可救药，如今竟重现生机。
This polluted forest, once considered irredeemable, has now regained its vitality.
1. 拼音：yán nián yì shòu
2. 意思：指延长寿命，增加岁数，常用于形容通过某种方式（如养生、药物、生活习惯等）达到延缓衰老、延长生命的目的。
3. 出处：出自战国时期宋玉《高唐赋》：“九窍通郁，精神察滞，延年益寿千万岁。”后在《史记·龟策列传》等文献中也有类似表述。
4. 近义词：
长生不老：原指生命长久不死，现多比喻生命延长、永葆青春，侧重理想化的长寿状态。
长命百岁：指寿命很长，活到百岁以上，是对长寿的通俗祝愿。
益寿延年：与“延年益寿”同义，强调通过调养等方式延长寿命，侧重效果。
福寿绵长：福气和寿命长久延续，既指寿命长，也包含福气深厚的含义。
5. 反义词：
英年早逝：指在青壮年时期就过早地去世，与长寿形成鲜明对比，强调寿命短暂。
短命夭折：指生命过早结束，通常指婴幼儿或青少年时期死亡，侧重生命短暂的遗憾。
夭寿不永：指寿命不长，早早离世，多用于书面语，表达生命短促的状态。
一命呜呼：指人或动物死亡，多为口语化表达，强调生命的突然终结。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
合理的饮食和规律的运动是延年益寿的关键。
A reasonable diet and regular exercise are the keys to prolonging life and increasing longevity.
这位老中医的养生之道，帮助许多人延年益寿。
The health-preserving methods of this old Chinese doctor have helped many people prolong their lives.
古人相信服用仙丹可以延年益寿，如今看来只是迷信。
Ancient people believed that taking elixir could prolong life, but now it seems like superstition.
保持乐观的心态也是延年益寿的重要因素。
Maintaining an optimistic attitude is also an important factor in prolonging life.
这种草药在传统医学中被认为能延年益寿。
This herbal medicine is considered in traditional medicine to prolong life and enhance longevity.
现代医学的进步让更多人得以延年益寿。
The progress of modern medicine has allowed more people to prolong their lives.
他每天坚持打坐冥想，希望能延年益寿。
He insists on meditating every day, hoping to prolong his life.
健康的生活方式比任何补品都更能延年益寿。
A healthy lifestyle can prolong life more than any tonic.
传说中，蟠桃具有延年益寿的神奇功效。
In legend, the flat peach has the magical effect of prolonging life.
中医认为，按摩穴位可以疏通经络，达到延年益寿的效果。
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that massaging acupoints can dredge the meridians and achieve the effect of prolonging life.
1. 拼音：bǎi dú bù yàn
2. 意思：指文章或书籍写得非常精彩，多次阅读也不会感到厌倦，形容作品具有极高的艺术价值或吸引力。
3. 出处：出自宋代苏轼《送安惇秀才失解西归》诗：“故书不厌百回读，熟读深思子自知。”后引申为“百读不厌”。
4. 近义词：
手不释卷：手里的书舍不得放下，形容读书勤奋或对书籍极为喜爱，侧重因喜爱而反复阅读。
耐人寻味：意味深长，值得人仔细体会琢磨，多形容文章、话语等有深层内涵，令人反复品味。
爱不释手：喜爱得舍不得放手，可用于书籍、艺术品等，强调对事物的喜爱程度。
百闻不厌：听到多次也不会厌烦，多形容言论、故事等具有吸引力，与“百读不厌”在“反复接触仍喜爱”的逻辑上相似。
5. 反义词：
味同嚼蜡：味道像嚼蜡一样枯燥无味，形容文章或说话毫无趣味，与“百读不厌”的精彩性形成对比。
索然无味：形容事物枯燥乏味，没有一点兴趣或吸引力，强调内容缺乏趣味。
枯燥无味：单调、呆板，没有趣味，多用于形容文章、讲话等内容干瘪。
弃如敝屣：像扔掉破鞋子一样抛弃，形容毫不可惜地舍弃，强调对事物的厌恶或轻视。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
这部经典名著情节跌宕起伏，真是百读不厌。
This classic masterpiece has ups and downs in the plot, and it is really worth reading a hundred times without getting tired.
他的散文语言优美，意境深远，让人百读不厌。
His prose has beautiful language and profound artistic conception, making people never tire of reading it.
《唐诗三百首》中的许多作品，至今仍让人百读不厌。
Many works in *Three Hundred Tang Poems* are still worth reading a hundred times without boredom.
这篇短文虽篇幅短小，但哲理深刻，我百读不厌。
Although this short essay is short in length, it is profound in philosophy, and I never tire of reading it.
母亲常读的那本旧书，封面磨损却依旧让她百读不厌。
The old book that mother often reads has a worn cover, but she still never tires of reading it.
优秀的文学作品往往具有百读不厌的魅力。
Excellent literary works often have the charm of being worth reading a hundred times without boredom.
这首诗我读了数十遍，依然觉得百读不厌。
I have read this poem dozens of times and still feel that it is worth reading a hundred times.
他推荐的那本书，我一读再读，百读不厌。
I have read the book he recommended again and again, never tiring of it.
经典之所以成为经典，是因为它们能让人百读不厌。
The reason why classics become classics is that they can make people never tire of reading them.
这本童年时读过的漫画书，如今翻看仍让我百读不厌。
This comic book read in childhood still makes me never tire of reading it now.
1. 拼音：yī kǒu yǎo dìng
2. 意思：指坚持一个说法，绝不改变，形容说话时态度坚决，毫不含糊地认定某件事或某个观点。
3. 出处：出自清代李绿园《歧路灯》第五回：“咬定牙，说曰：‘我左不过输了一命，再不赊欠。’”后逐渐演变为“一口咬定”。
4. 近义词：
矢口不移：一口咬定，坚决不改变说法，侧重言语的坚定性，不承认任何变动。
固执己见：坚持自己的意见，不肯改变，强调思想上的顽固，多用于对观点的坚持。
斩钉截铁：说话或行动坚决果断，毫不犹豫，侧重态度的果断和明确。
坚信不疑：坚定地相信，毫不怀疑，强调对事物的信任程度，常用于对事实或观点的认定。
5. 反义词：
犹豫不决：拿不定主意，迟疑动摇，形容态度不坚决，与“一口咬定”的果断相反。
模棱两可：对事情不置可否，既不肯定也不否定，态度含糊，缺乏明确立场。
翻云覆雨：比喻反复无常或玩弄手段，形容说话做事变化多端，没有稳定性。
随声附和：别人说什么就跟着说什么，没有主见，侧重缺乏独立判断，盲目认同他人。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
无论怎么追问，他都一口咬定自己没见过那个文件。
No matter how much he was questioned, he firmly insisted that he had never seen the document.
她一口咬定昨天看到的人就是他，语气十分肯定。
She firmly asserted that the person she saw yesterday was him, speaking with great certainty.
嫌疑犯一口咬定自己不在作案现场，拒绝承认罪行。
The suspect firmly insisted that he was not at the crime scene and refused to admit the crime.
他一口咬定方案没问题，结果实施时却漏洞百出。
He firmly insisted that the plan was fine, but it turned out to be full of flaws when implemented.
对方一口咬定我们违约，要求巨额赔偿。
The other party firmly insisted that we had breached the contract and demanded huge compensation.
孩子一口咬定是小猫打碎了花瓶，可真相并非如此。
The child firmly insisted that the kitten broke the vase, but the truth was not like that.
证人一口咬定看到被告出现在案发现场。
The witness firmly insisted that he saw the defendant at the crime scene.
他一口咬定自己是无辜的，希望法官能还他清白。
He firmly insisted that he was innocent and hoped the judge would clear his name.
团队成员一口咬定计划可行，最终说服了投资方。
The team members firmly insisted that the plan was feasible and finally convinced the investors.
无论事实如何，他都一口咬定自己的判断，拒绝接受反驳。
No matter what the facts were, he firmly stuck to his judgment and refused to accept any refutation.
1. 拼音：yán duō yǔ shī
2. 意思：指话说得太多，就容易出现差错或失言，强调说话应谨慎，避免因话多而暴露缺点或引发问题。
3. 出处：出自清代李宝嘉《官场现形记》第47回：“俗话说得好，‘言多语失’，任凭你怎样伶牙俐齿，说不上三句，便要露出马脚。”
4. 近义词：
祸从口出：灾祸往往因说话不谨慎而引起，侧重言语不当导致不良后果，与“言多语失”的逻辑因果一致。
言多必失：话说得太多，必然会有失误，直接体现“话多易错”的核心含义，二者语义相近。
谈吐不慎：指说话时不谨慎，缺乏考虑，侧重说话态度的疏忽，可能引发失言。
语失伦次：说话颠三倒四，没有条理，虽侧重表达混乱，但也属于“言语失误”的一种表现。
5. 反义词：
谨言慎行：说话做事都谨慎小心，与“言多语失”的“轻率多言”形成鲜明对比，强调言行的谨慎性。
守口如瓶：紧闭嘴巴像瓶口一样严，形容说话极其谨慎或严守秘密，侧重对言语的克制。
三缄其口：形容说话十分谨慎，不肯或不敢多言，强调主动控制言语，避免失误。
沉默寡言：性格沉静，很少说话，从“少言”的角度避免言语失误，与“言多”形成对立。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
他酒后兴奋，言多语失，竟把公司机密说了出来。
He was excited after drinking and talked too much, accidentally revealing the company's secrets.
谈判时要冷静，避免言多语失，泄露己方底线。
Stay calm during negotiations to avoid talking too much and revealing your bottom line.
古人说“言多语失”，果然没错，他一句话得罪了全场的人。
The ancient saying "talking too much leads to mistakes" is indeed true—he offended everyone with one sentence.
她性格直爽，常因言多语失而得罪朋友，自己却浑然不觉。
She is straightforward and often offends friends by talking too much, but she is unaware of it.
会议上发言要抓住重点，否则言多语失，反而影响效果。
Speak to the point at the meeting; otherwise, talking too much will lead to mistakes and affect the effect.
他深知言多语失的道理，所以每次讨论都先认真倾听，再谨慎开口。
He knows well the truth that "talking too much leads to errors," so he always listens carefully before speaking cautiously in discussions.
别再追问了，免得他言多语失，把事情越描越黑。
Stop asking further, lest he talks too much and makes the matter worse by mistake.
职场中要牢记“言多语失”，不该说的话绝对不能说。
In the workplace, remember that "talking too much causes mistakes"—never say what shouldn't be said.
辩论赛中对手故意激他，想让他言多语失，却被他巧妙化解。
The opponent deliberately provoked him in the debate to make him talk too much and make mistakes, but he resolved it cleverly.
老人常告诫晚辈：“言多语失，做事要沉稳，说话要三思。”
Elders often warn younger generations: "Talking too much leads to errors. Be steady in actions and think twice before speaking."
1. 拼音：tán hǔ sè biàn
2. 意思：原指谈论老虎就吓得脸色大变，后比喻一提到可怕的事物或经历就神情紧张、恐惧，反映出对特定事物的强烈忌惮或心理阴影。
3. 出处：出自宋代《二程遗书·遗书二上》：“真知与常知异。常见一田夫，曾被虎伤，有人说虎伤人，众莫不惊，独田夫色动异于众。若虎能伤人，虽三尺童子莫不知之，然未尝真知。真知须如田夫乃是。”后演变为“谈虎色变”。
4. 近义词：
闻风丧胆：听到风声就吓得丧失勇气，形容对某种力量极端恐惧，侧重因传闻而产生的恐惧心理。
望而生畏：看到某事物就产生畏惧感，强调因事物的外在特征（如危险、威严）而害怕，与“谈虎色变”的“提及恐惧”有所关联。
心有余悸：事情过去后，心里还残留着恐惧，侧重经历后的后怕，常用于形容对过往可怕经历的回忆反应。
一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳：比喻遭过一次伤害后，对类似事物产生长期恐惧，与“谈虎色变”均体现创伤后的条件反射式恐惧。
5. 反义词：
临危不惧：面对危险毫不畏惧，形容人勇敢镇定，与“谈虎色变”的恐惧情绪形成鲜明对比。
泰然自若：遇到变故或危险时，态度镇定，毫不在意，侧重心态的从容，不被恐惧影响。
无所畏惧：没有任何害怕的事物，强调勇气和胆量，彻底摆脱对危险的恐惧心理。
处之泰然：对待困难或紧急情况沉着冷静，侧重处理问题时的平稳态度，而非对事物本身的无惧。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
提起当年创业失败的经历，他至今仍谈虎色变，不愿多提。
Mentioning the experience of business failure in those years, he still turns pale at the mention of it and is reluctant to talk more.
车祸幸存者对高速公路谈虎色变，从此拒绝乘车远行。
The car accident survivor turns pale at the mention of highways and has refused to travel by car ever since.
孩子们听老人讲鬼故事，吓得谈虎色变，夜里不敢独自睡觉。
The children listened to the old man telling ghost stories, turned pale with fear, and dared not sleep alone at night.
他曾被网络诈骗骗光积蓄，如今对任何陌生来电都谈虎色变。
He was once defrauded of all his savings by online scams, and now he turns pale at the mention of any strange phone calls.
职场PUA的受害者对“加班文化”谈虎色变，求职时格外警惕。
Victims of workplace PUA turn pale at the mention of "overtime culture" and are extremely vigilant when job-hunting.
经历过地震的人，听到地面震动声就会谈虎色变。
People who have experienced an earthquake will turn pale at the mention of ground vibrations.
那只恶犬曾咬伤过邻居，如今大家路过它家都谈虎色变。
The vicious dog once bit a neighbor, and now everyone turns pale at the mention of passing by its house.
投资者因股市暴跌损失惨重，至今对“熊市”谈虎色变。
Investors suffered heavy losses due to the stock market crash and still turn pale at the mention of a "bear market."
她对背叛过自己的人谈虎色变，从此不再轻易相信他人。
She turns pale at the mention of those who have betrayed her and no longer trusts others easily.
战争纪录片中残酷的画面，让经历过战乱的老人谈虎色变。
The cruel scenes in war documentaries make the old people who have experienced war turn pale at the mention of them.
1. 拼音：xīn yuán yì mǎ
2. 意思：形容心思像猿猴跳跃、马奔跑般难以控制，指思绪不集中，心里东想西想，安静不下来。
3. 出处：出自唐代许浑《题杜居士》诗：“机尽心猿伏，神闲意马行。”后经演变，在明代吴承恩《西游记》中多次以“心猿意马”比喻孙悟空（心猿）与白龙马（意马）的象征意义，逐渐成为固定成语。
4. 近义词：
三心二意：形容心思不专一，同时想做几件事或关注多个方面，侧重态度不坚定。
心神不宁：指心情烦躁，精神不安定，侧重情绪上的焦虑与躁动。
魂不守舍：灵魂离开躯体，形容精神恍惚、注意力不集中，侧重精神恍惚的状态。
心不在焉：心思不在这里，指思想不集中，侧重对当前事物的忽视。
心神恍惚：精神不集中，神志模糊，常形容因思绪混乱而导致的状态。
5. 反义词：
专心致志：把心思全放在上面，形容一心一意，聚精会神，侧重专注度极高。
心无旁骛：心思没有另外的追求，形容心思集中，专心致志，强调排除杂念。
聚精会神：集中注意力地看，形容专心致志，注意力高度集中的样子。
全神贯注：全部精神集中在一点上，形容注意力高度集中，侧重投入的程度。
专心一志：形容一心一意，集中精力，强调意志的专一性。
6. 例句及英文翻译：
考试时心猿意马，难怪成绩总是不理想。
Being distracted during exams, no wonder the grades are always unsatisfactory.
他听课时心猿意马，老师提问时根本答不上来。
He was absent-minded in class and couldn't answer the teacher's question at all.
恋爱中的女孩常常对着窗外心猿意马，幻想浪漫场景。
The girl in love often stares out the window distractedly, fantasizing about romantic scenes.
写作业时心猿意马，效率比平时降低了一半。
Being distracted while doing homework, the efficiency is half lower than usual.
旅行途中心猿意马，反而错过了许多沿途的风景。
Being absent-minded during the journey, he missed many scenic views along the way.
会议开到一半，他便开始心猿意马，琢磨着下班后的聚会。
Halfway through the meeting, he began to be distracted, thinking about the party after work.
练琴时心猿意马，连最简单的旋律都弹错了。
Being distracted while practicing the piano, he even played the simplest melody wrong.
读小说时心猿意马，合上书后竟记不起情节内容。
Being distracted while reading the novel, he couldn't remember the plot after closing the book.
面试时心猿意马，导致回答问题磕磕绊绊。
Being distracted during the interview, he stumbled when answering questions.
冥想时若心猿意马，便无法达到放松身心的效果。
If you are distracted during meditation, you can't achieve the effect of relaxing body and mind.
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