常用成语 第133天 中考成语 高考成语

欲擒故纵

1. 拼音：yù qín gù zòng

2. 意思：指为了更好地控制对方，故意先放松一步，让其放松警惕，从而更容易达到擒获或控制的目的，多形容在策略或手段上的迂回性。

3. 出处：出自清·文康《儿女英雄传》：“无如作者要作这等欲擒故纵的文章，令读者猜一猜。”

4. 近义词：

欲取姑予：指想要夺取，先暂且给予，强调以退为进的策略，通过暂时让步实现最终目的。

诱敌深入：指故意引诱敌人进入预设的有利区域，以便围歼，侧重通过“引诱”达成军事或竞争中的策略目标。

纵虎归山（此处取策略性“放纵”之意）：原指放走敌人留下后患，但在策略语境中可指故意放任对手以使其暴露弱点，再伺机行动。

5. 反义词：

急功近利：指急于追求眼前的成效和利益，与“欲擒故纵”的长远策略性完全相反，缺乏迂回布局的耐心。

先发制人：指先动手以制服对方，强调主动出击、直接行动，与“故意放松”的策略逻辑对立。

直截了当：形容做事、说话干脆爽快，不绕弯子，与“欲擒故纵”的迂回手段形成鲜明对比。

6. 例句及英文翻译：

警察采用欲擒故纵的策略，故意放走小喽啰，以顺藤摸瓜找到犯罪头目。

The police used the strategy of "letting the enemy go to catch them later", deliberately releasing the small gang members to track down the crime leader.

他在谈判中欲擒故纵，先假意让步，最终让对方接受了全部条件。

He played hard to get in the negotiation, feigning concession first, and finally made the other party accept all conditions.

教练对新秀欲擒故纵，先让他坐冷板凳，实则观察其抗压能力。

The coach used the tactic of "restraining to conquer" on the rookie, first benching him, but actually observing his stress resistance.

商家推出限时折扣，实则是欲擒故纵，吸引顾客后续高频消费。

The merchant's limited-time discount is actually a strategy of "pretending to let go to capture", attracting customers to consume frequently later.

谋士建议君主欲擒故纵，先容忍邻国挑衅，再伺机反击。

The strategist advised the monarch to use the strategy of "desiring to capture but feigning to let go", first tolerating the neighboring country's provocation, then waiting for an opportunity to counterattack.

家长对孩子的叛逆行为欲擒故纵，暂时不强行干预，反而让其主动反思。

Parents use the strategy of "restraining to conquer" for their children's rebellious behavior, temporarily not intervening forcefully, but letting them reflect actively.

棋手故意露出破绽，欲擒故纵，诱使对手落入陷阱。

The chess player deliberately showed flaws, using the tactic of "letting the enemy go to catch them", luring the opponent into a trap.

导演在电影中欲擒故纵，先隐藏关键线索，最后揭晓时震撼观众。

The director used the strategy of "holding back to release" in the movie, hiding key clues first, and shocking the audience when revealing them finally.

销售欲擒故纵，声称库存紧张，促使客户立即下单。

The salesperson played hard to get, claiming that the inventory was tight, prompting customers to place orders immediately.

老师对调皮学生欲擒故纵，先表扬其优点，再引导改正缺点。

The teacher used the tactic of "feigning to let go to capture" for the naughty student, first praising his advantages, then guiding him to correct his shortcomings.

举足轻重

1. 拼音：jǔ zú qīng zhòng

2. 意思：指处于重要地位，一举一动都足以影响全局，形容人或事物的作用、地位极其关键，能左右形势发展。

3. 出处：出自《后汉书·窦融传》：“方蜀汉相攻，权在将军，举足左右，便有轻重。”

4. 近义词：

至关重要：指相当地重要，在整体中起决定性作用，强调事物的不可或缺性。

不可或缺：表示不能有一点点缺失，形容对事物的必要性和重要性，与“举足轻重”一样强调关键作用。

中流砥柱：比喻坚强独立的人能在动荡艰难的环境中起支柱作用，侧重在关键时刻的支撑性地位。

5. 反义词：

无足轻重：指没有它并不轻些，有它也并不重些，形容无关紧要，与“举足轻重”的重要性形成鲜明对比。

微不足道：指非常渺小，不值得一提，强调事物的价值或影响极小，可忽略不计。

无关大局：指对整个局势没有关系或没有影响，形容事情的重要性不足以左右整体形势。

6. 例句及英文翻译：

他在团队中担任核心技术岗，是举足轻重的角色，项目进展全靠他推动。

He holds a core technical position in the team and is a pivotal figure; the project's progress depends entirely on him.

能源安全问题在国家发展战略中举足轻重，直接影响经济稳定。

The issue of energy security is pivotal in the national development strategy, directly affecting economic stability.

决赛中，这位老将的表现举足轻重，决定着队伍能否夺冠。

In the final, the veteran's performance was decisive, determining whether the team could win the championship.

消费者的信任在品牌建设中举足轻重，一旦流失很难挽回。

Consumers' trust is crucial in brand building, and once lost, it is difficult to regain.

中东地区的地理位置举足轻重，历来是国际政治的焦点。

The geographical position of the Middle East is pivotal, and it has always been the focus of international politics.

人才储备对科技企业的发展举足轻重，是核心竞争力的关键。

Talent reserve is crucial to the development of technology companies and is the key to core competitiveness.

这场外交谈判中，翻译的精准度举足轻重，可能影响两国关系走向。

In this diplomatic negotiation, the accuracy of the translator is crucial and may affect the direction of relations between the two countries.

环保政策在城市可持续发展中举足轻重，需长期严格执行。

Environmental protection policies play a pivotal role in the sustainable development of cities and need to be strictly implemented for a long time.

队长在球队中的精神引领作用举足轻重，能带动全队士气。

The captain's spiritual leadership in the team is crucial and can boost the morale of the whole team.

基础研究虽然周期长，但在科学突破中举足轻重，是创新的基石。

Although basic research has a long cycle, it is pivotal in scientific breakthroughs and is the cornerstone of innovation.

虾兵蟹将

1. 拼音：xiā bīng xiè jiàng

2. 意思：原指神话中龙王手下的兵将，现多比喻没什么本事的杂牌兵或将领，含贬义，形容对方的部下或同伙能力平庸、不堪一击。

3. 出处：出自明·冯梦龙《警世通言》：“乃率领鼋帅虾兵蟹将，统帅党类，蜂拥而至。”

4. 近义词：

乌合之众：指像暂时聚合的一群乌鸦，比喻杂凑在一起的毫无组织纪律的人群，强调群体缺乏组织性和战斗力。

土鸡瓦狗：形容徒有其表、不堪一击的人或事物，侧重外表看似强大实则虚弱，与“虾兵蟹将”一样含轻蔑意味。

残兵败将：指战败后残余的兵将，多形容战败后狼狈不堪的样子，强调力量薄弱且溃败后的状态。

5. 反义词：

精兵强将：指精良的士兵和勇猛的将领，形容战斗力很强的将士，与“虾兵蟹将”的平庸形成鲜明对比。

骁勇善战：指勇猛而善于战斗，形容人英勇且有卓越的军事才能，强调个体或团队的强大战斗力。

精锐之师：指训练有素、战斗力强的部队，侧重团队的专业性和强大实力，与“杂牌军”的概念对立。

6. 例句及英文翻译：

对方球队不过是一群虾兵蟹将，我们主力阵容出战定能轻松取胜。

The opposing team is just a bunch of mediocre players; our starting lineup will easily win if we play.

反派角色身边的虾兵蟹将很快被主角击败，根本不值一提。

The lackeys around the villain were quickly defeated by the protagonist and were not worth mentioning at all.

这支临时拼凑的队伍如同虾兵蟹将，在正规军面前不堪一击。

This temporarily assembled team is like petty minions, vulnerable in the face of regular troops.

小说里的大魔王从不亲自出手，总让虾兵蟹将去试探英雄的实力。

The big devil in the novel never takes action himself and always sends petty minions to test the hero's strength.

别看他们口号喊得响，实际办事的都是些虾兵蟹将，效率极低。

Don't be fooled by their loud slogans; those who actually do things are just mediocre people, with extremely low efficiency.

海盗头目躲在船舱里，派虾兵蟹将去拦截商船，自己坐收渔利。

The pirate leader hid in the cabin and sent his petty minions to intercept merchant ships, reaping profits without effort.

敌方的虾兵蟹将在我军炮火下四散奔逃，根本无法组织有效抵抗。

The enemy's mediocre forces fled in all directions under our artillery fire and could not organize effective resistance at all.

这个犯罪团伙的核心成员尚未落网，目前抓获的只是些虾兵蟹将。

The core members of this criminal gang have not been arrested yet; only some petty minions have been captured so far.

他不屑与那些虾兵蟹将争斗，一心等待幕后主使现身。

He disdained to fight with those mediocre people and was bent on waiting for the mastermind to appear.

职场中若只与虾兵蟹将为伍，很难提升自己的核心竞争力。

If you only associate with mediocre colleagues in the workplace, it is difficult to improve your core competitiveness.

可想而知

1. 拼音：kě xiǎng ér zhī

2. 意思：不用说明就能想象得到。

3. 出处：宋·王楙《野客丛书》：“……而郊以吟诗废务，上官差官以摄其职，分其半禄，酸寒之壮，可想而知。”

4. 近义词：显而易见（事情或道理很明显，极容易看清）、不言而喻（不用说话就能明白，形容道理很明显）、一目了然（一眼就看得很清楚）

5. 反义词：不可思议（原有神秘奥妙的意思，现多指无法想象，难以理解）、不可捉摸（指对人或事物无法猜测和估量）、匪夷所思（指事物怪异或人的言行离奇，不是一般人按照常理所能想象的）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

他平时不努力学习，期末考试的成绩可想而知。

He doesn't study hard at ordinary times, so the final exam results can be imagined.

这家餐厅的服务态度极差，回头客自然可想而知。

The service attitude of this restaurant is extremely poor, so the number of repeat customers can be imagined.

球队主力队员受伤了，这场比赛的结果可想而知。

The main player of the team is injured, so the result of this game can be imagined.

他连基本的规则都不遵守，大家对他的评价可想而知。

He doesn't even follow the basic rules, so everyone's evaluation of him can be imagined.

任务这么艰巨，而时间又这么紧迫，难度可想而知。

The task is so arduous and the time is so urgent, so the difficulty can be imagined.

她平时不练习演讲，上台时的紧张程度可想而知。

She doesn't practice speaking usually, so the degree of her nervousness when she goes on stage can be imagined.

公司经营不善，员工的工资待遇可想而知。

The company is not well managed, so the salary treatment of employees can be imagined.

他不了解情况就乱发表意见，效果可想而知。

He makes random comments without understanding the situation, so the effect can be imagined.

项目缺少必要的资金支持，进展速度可想而知。

The project lacks the necessary financial support, so the progress speed can be imagined.

孩子从小缺乏管教，长大后的行为习惯可想而知。

The child lacks discipline since childhood, so his behavior habits when he grows up can be imagined.

指名道姓

1. 拼音：zhǐ míng dào xìng

2. 意思：直接说出对方的名字（含不够礼貌或直率的意味）。

3. 出处：清·曹雪芹《红楼梦》第三十一回：“嘴里再刻薄些，指桑骂槐，寻踪觅缝，专把人捉弄。”（注：“指名道姓”虽未在古籍中直接出现，但同类语义在《红楼梦》等作品中以“指桑骂槐”等形式体现，现代语境中“指名道姓”为常用表达。）

4. 近义词：

直呼其名（直接喊出对方的名字，不使用尊称或昵称）

直斥其名（直接斥责时说出对方名字，语气更强烈）

公开点名（在公开场合直接提及某人姓名，多含批评或强调意味）

5. 反义词：

含糊其辞（说话躲躲闪闪，不明确说出具体人或事）

指桑骂槐（表面骂这个人，实际骂另一个人，不直接点明）

旁敲侧击（不从正面直接说明，而是从侧面曲折表达）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

他在会议上指名道姓地批评了几位迟到的员工。

He named and criticized several late employees directly at the meeting.

报道中没有指名道姓，但大家都知道说的是谁。

The report didn't name names, but everyone knew who it was about.

老师很少指名道姓地批评学生，总是委婉指出问题。

The teacher rarely names students when criticizing, always pointing out problems euphemistically.

网络上不应随意指名道姓地攻击他人，这属于侵权行为。

One should not arbitrarily attack others by name online, as this is a tort.

她生气时喜欢指名道姓地数落人，让人很难堪。

When she is angry, she likes to scold people by name, which makes others embarrassed.

这份文件指名道姓地列出了违反规定的人员名单。

The document listed the names of those who violated the regulations explicitly.

辩论中要针对观点反驳，而非指名道姓地人身攻击。

In a debate, one should refute ideas rather than attack people by name.

他指名道姓地邀请了几位老同学参加聚会。

He invited several old classmates by name to the party.

记者在提问时指名道姓，让发言人有些措手不及。

The reporter named names when asking questions, catching the spokesperson off guard.

家长会上，老师没有指名道姓，而是举例说明常见的学习问题。

At the parents' meeting, the teacher didn't name names but illustrated common learning problems with examples.

关门大吉

1. 拼音：guān mén dà jí

2. 意思：指商店或企业等停止营业，多含诙谐或讽刺意味，也指事情终止或失败。

3. 出处：出自近代鲁迅《华盖集续编·为半农题记〈何典〉后作》：“可是中国的有一些士大夫，总爱无中生有，移花接木的造出故事来，他们不但歌颂升平，还粉饰黑暗。一旦有一天，你发见了真相，依照了这真相而行，将要得到‘碰壁’的结果，这时你可以关门大吉也。”

4. 近义词：

破产倒闭（指企业因经营不善等原因宣告破产，停止经营）

歇业停产（停止业务经营或生产活动）

闭门歇业（关闭门店，停止营业）

5. 反义词：

开张大吉（商店开始营业时的吉祥话，指生意开始兴旺）

蒸蒸日上（形容事业等日益兴旺发达，不断向上）

红红火火（形容旺盛、热闹或经济优裕的生活）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

由于经营不善，这家服装店最终关门大吉了。

Due to poor management, this clothing store finally closed down.

受疫情影响，许多小餐馆不得不关门大吉。

Affected by the epidemic, many small restaurants had to close down.

他的创业项目因资金链断裂而关门大吉。

His startup project closed down due to the断裂 of the capital chain.

这家超市因竞争激烈，生意惨淡，只能关门大吉。

Due to fierce competition and poor business, this supermarket had to close down.

若再不改进服务质量，这家酒店迟早会关门大吉。

If the service quality is not improved, this hotel will close down sooner or later.

那个曾经热闹的夜市，如今很多摊位都关门大吉了。

In that once lively night market, many stalls have now closed down.

公司连续亏损三年，最终只能宣布关门大吉。

The company has been losing money for three consecutive years and finally had to announce closure.

受经济危机冲击，当地多家工厂纷纷关门大吉。

Shocked by the economic crisis, many local factories have closed down one after another.

他投资失败，开的店铺不到半年就关门大吉了。

He failed in investment, and the shop he opened closed down in less than half a year.

这家书店因房租上涨过快，不得不关门大吉。

This bookstore had to close down due to the过快 rise in rent.

酒后失言

1. 拼音：jiǔ hòu shī yán

2. 意思：指喝酒之后，因酒精影响而失去言语控制，说出不该说的话或泄露秘密。

3. 出处：出自明代施耐庵《水浒传》第四十五回：“杨雄道：‘兄弟，你休怪我。我昨夜酒后失言，所言多有得罪之处。’”

4. 近义词：

酒后吐真言（醉酒后不自觉说出内心真实的话）

醉后胡言（喝醉后胡乱说话，缺乏逻辑和分寸）

酒语失当（饮酒后言语不符合场合或身份，出现失误）

5. 反义词：

守口如瓶（说话谨慎，严守秘密，不轻易透露）

谨言慎行（说话做事小心谨慎）

言必有据（说话有事实依据，不随意乱说）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

他酒后失言，把公司的机密说了出去。

He made a slip of the tongue after drinking and leaked the company's secrets.

聚会时要注意饮酒量，以免酒后失言得罪人。

Pay attention to the amount of alcohol you drink at parties to avoid offending others by speaking indiscreetly after getting drunk.

昨天他酒后失言，说了很多对不起妻子的话。

He spoke out of turn after drinking yesterday and said many things sorry to his wife.

职场中酒后失言可能会影响职业发展，需格外警惕。

Speaking indiscreetly after drinking in the workplace may affect career development and requires special vigilance.

他意识到自己酒后失言后，连忙向对方道歉。

After realizing he had spoken out of turn after drinking, he quickly apologized to the other party.

别把他的酒后失言当真，他清醒时不会这么说。

Don't take his drunken words seriously; he wouldn't say that when sober.

那次酒后失言让他在朋友面前十分尴尬。

That slip of the tongue after drinking made him very embarrassed in front of friends.

古人常说“酒后失言”，喝酒时确实要控制言行。

The ancients often said "speaking indiscreetly after drinking", and it is indeed necessary to control words and deeds when drinking.

她担心自己酒后失言，所以聚会时坚持不喝酒。

She was worried about speaking indiscreetly after drinking, so she insisted on not drinking at the party.

领导因下属酒后失言，对其工作态度产生了质疑。

The leader questioned the subordinate's work attitude because of his indiscreet words after drinking.

席地而坐

1. 拼音：xí dì ér zuò

2. 意思：指直接坐在地上，形容不拘礼节或环境简陋时的坐法，也指以地为席的传统坐姿。

3. 出处：出自《旧五代史·李茂贞传》：“但御军整众，都无纪律，当食则造庖厨，往往席地而坐。”

4. 近义词：

就地而坐（就近坐在地上，强调随意性）

盘膝而坐（盘腿坐在地上，多形容禅修或放松的姿态）

坐于地（直接坐在地面，表述简洁直白）

5. 反义词：

正襟危坐（整理衣襟，端端正正地坐着，形容严肃或拘谨）

高坐华堂（坐在华丽的厅堂中，形容环境奢华）

踞坐高台（盘踞在高台上，形容地位尊贵或姿态傲慢）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

露营时，大家席地而坐，围着篝火分享故事。

During camping, everyone sat on the ground and shared stories around the campfire.

古人习惯席地而坐，随着家具发展才逐渐使用桌椅。

Ancients were accustomed to sitting on the ground, and tables and chairs became popular with the development of furniture.

孩子们在草坪上席地而坐，认真听老师讲绘本。

The children sat on the lawn and listened to the teacher read picture books carefully.

他旅行时累了，便在路边席地而坐，喝口水休息。

When he was tired during the trip, he sat on the roadside and rested with a sip of water.

瑜伽课上，学员们席地而坐，调整呼吸准备冥想。

In the yoga class, students sat on the ground and adjusted their breathing for meditation.

野外训练时，士兵们席地而坐，快速吃完午餐。

During field training, soldiers sat on the ground and finished lunch quickly.

画展中，有人席地而坐，近距离欣赏墙上的作品。

In the art exhibition, some people sat on the ground to admire the works on the wall up close.

庙会里，商贩们席地而坐，摆放着琳琅满目的小商品。

At the temple fair, vendors sat on the ground and displayed a variety of small commodities.

纪录片中，村民们席地而坐，用方言交流着农事。

In the documentary, villagers sat on the ground and talked about farming in dialect.

雨后的公园，老人席地而坐，安静地吹奏着竹笛。

In the park after the rain, the old man sat on the ground and played the bamboo flute quietly.

千山万水

1. 拼音：qiān shān wàn shuǐ

2. 意思：形容山水众多，路途遥远险阻，也比喻历经艰难曲折的历程。

3. 出处：出自唐代张乔《寄维阳故人》诗：“离别河边绾柳条，千山万水玉人遥。”

4. 近义词：

万水千山（与“千山万水”同义，指路途遥远、山水阻隔）

山高水远（形容路途遥远，山水阻隔，多含思念之情）

重山复水（指山峦重叠、水流盘曲，形容路途复杂难行）

5. 反义词：

近在咫尺（形容距离极近，仿佛就在眼前）

一马平川（指地势平坦开阔，毫无阻碍，形容路途顺利）

一步之遥（比喻距离极近，仅差一步就能到达）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

他跨越千山万水，只为见心上人一面。

He traveled through thousands of mountains and rivers just to meet his sweetheart.

书中的主角历经千山万水，终于找到传说中的宝藏。

The protagonist in the book went through countless mountains and rivers and finally found the legendary treasure.

通信技术让千山万水的距离不再阻碍人们的联系。

Communication technology makes the distance of thousands of mountains and rivers no longer hinder people's connection.

这支探险队穿越千山万水，成功抵达南极科考站。

The expedition team traveled through thousands of mountains and rivers and successfully reached the Antarctic research station.

古人笔下的乡愁，常寄于千山万水之外的故乡。

The nostalgia in the works of ancient poets is often placed in the hometown beyond thousands of mountains and rivers.

纵使千山万水相隔，父母的爱永远陪伴在子女身边。

Even if separated by thousands of mountains and rivers, parents' love always accompanies their children.

电影中的侠客踏遍千山万水，追寻武林失传的秘籍。

The knight-errant in the movie traveled through thousands of mountains and rivers in pursuit of the lost martial arts secret book.

长征路上，红军战士跨越千山万水，创造了历史奇迹。

On the Long March, the Red Army soldiers crossed thousands of mountains and rivers, creating a historical miracle.

她的歌声仿佛能穿透千山万水，抵达听众的心底。

Her singing seemed to penetrate thousands of mountains and rivers and reach the bottom of the listeners' hearts.

现代交通让千山万水的旅程，缩短为几小时的飞行。

Modern transportation has shortened the journey through thousands of mountains and rivers to a few hours of flight.

冲口而出

1. 拼音：chōng kǒu ér chū

2. 意思：形容不加思索地说出来。

3. 出处：宋·苏轼《跋欧阳公书》：“此数十纸，皆文公冲口而出，纵手而成，初不加意者也。”

4. 近义词：

脱口而出：不经思考，随口说出，和冲口而出意思相近，都强调说话的迅速和未经思索。

信口开河：比喻随口乱说一气，虽然也有未经思考说话的意思，但常带有贬义，与冲口而出类似，但情感色彩有所不同。

5. 反义词：

深思熟虑：深入细致地思考，与冲口而出相反，突出说话或做事前经过了认真、全面的思考。

字斟句酌：对每一字、每一句都仔细斟酌、推敲。形容说话或写作的态度慎重，和冲口而出形成鲜明对比，强调说话的谨慎性。

6. 例句：

他一激动，那些话就冲口而出了。

看到朋友受伤，他冲口而出的第一句话是“你怎么样了？”

她生气的时候，一些伤人的话会冲口而出。

在紧张的氛围中，他一不小心就把秘密冲口而出。

他冲口而出的回答，让大家都感到很意外。

有时候，幽默的话语会冲口而出，缓解尴尬的气氛。

他看到那幅画后，赞叹之词冲口而出。

当被问到那个敏感问题时，他差点冲口而出不该说的话。

她冲口而出的抱怨，显示出她内心的不满。

他冲口而出一个想法，没想到却启发了大家。

小道消息

1. 拼音：xiǎo dào xiāo xi

2. 意思：指非官方的、未经证实的、私下传播的消息，通常通过非正式渠道散布，可信度可能较低。

3. 出处：出自《现代汉语词典》，为现代常用语，无明确古籍出处，源于民间对非正规信息传播的描述。

4. 近义词：

马路新闻（指在街头巷尾传播的未经证实的消息，强调传播场景的随意性）

流言蜚语（指毫无根据的话，多含贬义，侧重恶意中伤或造谣的性质）

道听途说（指从道路上听到，在道路上传播，形容消息来源不可靠）

5. 反义词：

官方消息（指由政府、机构等正式渠道发布的信息，具有权威性和可信度）

确凿信息（指有充分证据、真实可靠的消息）

权威报道（指由专业媒体或权威部门发布的新闻报道，具有公信力）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

别轻信小道消息，等官方通知才最可靠。

Don't believe in小道消息 (gossip); wait for the official notice, which is the most reliable.

他总爱传播小道消息，结果常常误导大家。

He always likes to spread gossip, which often misleads everyone.

公司要裁员的小道消息传了一周，最后被证实是假的。

The gossip that the company would lay off staff spread for a week and was finally confirmed to be false.

网上的小道消息五花八门，需仔细辨别真伪。

There are various gossips on the Internet, and it is necessary to carefully distinguish between true and false.

她从邻居那里听到小道消息，说小区要建公园。

She heard from her neighbor that a park would be built in the community through gossip.

仅凭小道消息做决定，可能会带来严重后果。

Making decisions based solely on gossip may lead to serious consequences.

记者必须核实信息，不能靠小道消息写报道。

Journalists must verify information and cannot write reports based on gossip.

关于明星婚变的小道消息，粉丝们呼吁等待本人回应。

Regarding the gossip about the celebrity's marriage change, fans called for waiting for the person's response.

市场上流传的小道消息影响了股价波动。

The gossip circulating in the market affected the stock price fluctuations.

他偷偷告诉我的小道消息，最后竟成了事实。

The gossip he secretly told me turned out to be true in the end.

小家子气

1. 拼音：xiǎo jiā zi qì

2. 意思：形容人言行举止不大方，缺乏格局与气度，做事斤斤计较，显得吝啬或狭隘。

3. 出处：出自清代文康《儿女英雄传》第二十一回：“办这事可是小家子气；姑娘这话说错了！”

4. 近义词：

斤斤计较（指对小事过分计较，形容人吝啬、不大度）

鼠肚鸡肠（比喻气量狭小，只计较小事，缺乏容人之心）

吝啬小气（指为人抠门，不舍得付出，在金钱或物质上过于计较）

5. 反义词：

大方得体（形容人言行举止自然不拘束，有气度且符合礼仪）

宽宏大量（指心胸开阔，能容忍他人的过失，不斤斤计较）

豁达大度（形容人性格开朗，胸襟开阔，对事物看得长远而不计较）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

他请客总点便宜菜，未免显得太小家子气。

He always orders cheap dishes when treating others, which未免显得太小家子气 (未免显得 too petty).

做人别小家子气，吃亏是福的道理要懂。

Don't be petty in life; understand the truth that suffering losses is a blessing.

朋友间相处太小家子气，容易伤感情。

Being too petty in getting along with friends can easily hurt feelings.

她送礼物总挑廉价的，被人暗地里说小家子气。

She always chooses cheap gifts and is secretly called petty by others.

公司奖励太抠门，显得有些小家子气。

The company's rewards are too stingy, which seems a bit petty.

他对同事借文具都斤斤计较，真是小家子气。

He is very particular about colleagues borrowing stationery, which is really petty.

别学那小家子气的做法，格局要放大些。

Don't learn that petty approach; broaden your pattern.

婚礼布置得过于简单，有人觉得小家子气。

The wedding arrangement was too simple, and some people thought it was petty.

父母总教导孩子别小家子气，要学会分享。

Parents always teach their children not to be petty and to learn to share.

他请客时抢着买单，从不小家子气。

He always grabs the bill when treating others and is never petty.

深思熟虑

1. 拼音：shēn sī shú lǜ

2. 意思：反复深入地思考。强调思考的深入性、全面性和细致性，是经过长时间的权衡和考虑后才做出决定或表达观点。

3. 出处：《楚辞·渔父》：“何故深思高举，自令放为？”《史记·穰侯列传》：“愿君熟虑之。”

4. 近义词：

深谋远虑：指计划得很周密，考虑得很长远。和深思熟虑都强调思考的深度，但“深谋远虑”更侧重于对未来的规划和对长远利益的考量。

精打细算：精密地计划，详细地计算。指在使用人力物力时计算得很精细，也体现出一种经过仔细思考后的决策方式，与深思熟虑类似，不过更多用于资源分配等事务。

5. 反义词：

不假思索：形容做事答话敏捷、熟练，用不着考虑。与深思熟虑相反，突出不经过思考就行动或说话的状态。

轻举妄动：指不经慎重考虑，轻率地采取行动，和深思熟虑形成鲜明对比，体现出行为的鲁莽和思考的欠缺。

6. 例句：

经过深思熟虑，他决定辞去现在的工作，去追寻自己的梦想。

对于这个重大的投资项目，我们需要深思熟虑后再做决定。

这是一个深思熟虑后的计划，每一个细节都考虑到了。

他深思熟虑了很久，才对这个复杂的问题发表自己的看法。

公司的战略决策是经过领导团队深思熟虑制定的。

在深思熟虑之后，她选择了学习医学专业。

设计师深思熟虑后，对作品的初稿进行了大量修改。

面对多种选择，他深思熟虑，最终挑选了最适合自己的道路。

对于如何教育孩子，家长们应该深思熟虑，不能盲目跟风。

他在深思熟虑后，向她表达了自己的爱意。

叶公好龙

1. 拼音：yè gōng hào lóng

2. 意思：比喻表面上喜欢或推崇某事物，实际上并非真正喜爱，甚至害怕或排斥，形容言行不一、虚伪的态度。

3. 出处：出自汉代刘向《新序·杂事》，记载叶公喜爱龙，家中器物皆刻龙纹，当真龙到访时却吓得惊慌失措，后以此典故比喻虚伪的喜好。

4. 近义词：

口是心非（指嘴上说的与心里想的不一致，言行矛盾）

表里不一（形容表面与内在不一致，虚伪做作）

言不由衷（指说的话不是发自内心，心口不一）

5. 反义词：

名副其实（指名称或名声与实际相符，言行一致）

言行合一（指说的和做的一致，态度真诚）

真心实意（指心意真实诚恳，没有虚假）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

他总说热爱环保，却从不践行低碳生活，真是叶公好龙。

He always says he loves environmental protection but never practices a low-carbon life; he is really a "Lord Ye who loved dragons" (pretending to love what one actually fears).

不少人宣称喜欢读书，书架却积满灰尘，不过是叶公好龙罢了。

Many people claim to love reading, but their bookshelves are covered in dust; they are just like "Lord Ye who loved dragons" (pretending to like what they don’t actually engage with).

商家总说重视顾客体验，却拒绝改进服务缺陷，这不是叶公好龙吗？

Businesses always say they value customer experience but refuse to improve service defects. Isn’t this like "Lord Ye who loved dragons"?

他嘴上喊着支持创新，却打压下属的新想法，典型的叶公好龙。

He shouts support for innovation but suppresses subordinates’ new ideas— a typical "Lord Ye who loved dragons".

某些粉丝自称崇拜偶像，却从不关注其作品，不过是叶公好龙式的追捧。

Some fans claim to adore their idols but never pay attention to their works; it’s just a "Lord Ye who loved dragons" kind of admiration.

别做叶公好龙的人，真正热爱就要付诸行动。

Don’t be a person like "Lord Ye who loved dragons"; if you truly love something, put it into action.

机构标榜支持艺术创作，却削减资金投入，分明是叶公好龙。

The organization claims to support artistic creation but cuts funding— clearly a "Lord Ye who loved dragons" attitude.

他说想学好外语，却从不背单词，不过是叶公好龙的表现。

He says he wants to learn a foreign language well but never memorizes words— just a display of "Lord Ye who loved dragons".

家长嘴上说尊重孩子兴趣，却强制报补习班，这不是叶公好龙吗？

Parents say they respect their children’s interests but force them to attend cram schools. Isn’t this like "Lord Ye who loved dragons"?

社会呼吁保护传统文化，却少有人钻研技艺，终究是叶公好龙的心态。

Society calls for the protection of traditional culture, but few delve into the crafts; it’s ultimately a "Lord Ye who loved dragons" mentality.

军令如山

1. 拼音：jūn lìng rú shān

2. 意思：指军事命令像山一样不可动摇，强调军令的威严和必须严格执行的强制性，形容命令必须无条件服从，不得违抗。

3. 出处：出自清代李宝嘉《官场现形记》第十二回：“果然现任县太爷，一呼百诺，军令如山，不像从前的样子。”

4. 近义词：

令行禁止（指有令必行，有禁必止，形容执行命令坚决，纪律严明）

言出法随（指命令或法令一经发出，就严格执行，如有违犯就依法处理）

雷厉风行（形容执行命令时行动迅速、果断，像雷一样猛烈，像风一样快）

5. 反义词：

阳奉阴违（指表面上遵从命令，暗地里违背，表里不一）

敷衍了事（指对命令或任务不认真对待，只做表面应付，不彻底执行）

抗命不遵（指拒绝服从命令，公然违抗，不执行上级指示）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

战场上军令如山，士兵必须无条件执行每一项指令。

On the battlefield, military orders are as firm as a mountain, and soldiers must unconditionally execute every command.

连长强调：“军令如山，迟到一分钟也要受罚。”

The company commander emphasized, "Military orders are as unshakable as a mountain— being late by even a minute will result in punishment."

这支军队之所以强大，正因军令如山，纪律严明。

The reason this army is powerful is precisely that military orders are as immovable as a mountain, with strict discipline.

演习中，士兵们深知军令如山，不敢有丝毫懈怠。

During the drill, soldiers were well aware that military orders are as firm as a mountain and did not dare to be the slightest bit negligent.

古代将军常说：“军令如山，违令者斩。”

Ancient generals often said, "Military orders are as unyielding as a mountain— those who disobey will be beheaded."

即便前方危险重重，军令如山，他们必须按时抵达阵地。

Even though danger loomed ahead, military orders were as firm as a mountain, and they had to reach the position on time.

这支特种部队的信条是：军令如山，使命必达。

The creed of this special forces unit is: Military orders are as solid as a mountain, and missions must be accomplished.

参谋提醒：“军令如山，别因个人顾虑延误战机。”

The staff officer reminded, "Military orders are as immovable as a mountain— don’t delay the opportunity due to personal concerns."

在军事训练中，军令如山的原则贯穿始终。

In military training, the principle that military orders are as firm as a mountain runs through the entire process.

历史上的精锐之师，无不是靠军令如山的纪律铸就辉煌。

Throughout history, elite troops have all forged their glory by relying on the discipline that military orders are as unshakable as a mountain.

水涨船高

1. 拼音：shuǐ zhǎng chuán gāo

2. 意思：指水位上升时，船也会随之升高。比喻事物随着其所凭借的基础或条件的提高而相应提高，多形容因果关联的动态变化。

3. 出处：出自宋代释道原《景德传灯录》卷二十一：“水长船高，泥多佛大。”后在明代冯梦龙《醒世恒言》等文献中亦有使用。

4. 近义词：

相辅相成（指两件事物相互配合，相互促成，共同发展）

同升共涨（形容事物随着某一因素的提升而共同增长）

随波逐流（此处指顺应趋势变化，与事物发展同步提升，非贬义用法）

5. 反义词：

水落石出（指水位下降后石头显露，比喻真相大白，与“条件变化导致事物提升”相反）

一成不变（指事物固定不变，不随条件变化而改变）

每况愈下（指情况越来越差，与“提升”的趋势相反）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

随着经济发展，居民收入提高，物价也水涨船高。

As the economy develops and residents' incomes increase, prices also rise accordingly like a boat lifted by rising water.

球队战绩越好，球迷的热情就水涨船高，主场门票供不应求。

The better the team's performance, the higher the fans' enthusiasm rises— home game tickets become in short supply like a boat floating with the rising tide.

原材料价格上涨，厂家生产成本增加，产品售价自然水涨船高。

As raw material prices rise and manufacturers' production costs increase, the selling price of products naturally goes up like a boat lifted by rising water.

他的业务能力提升后，客户对其服务的期待也水涨船高。

After his professional ability improved, clients' expectations for his services also rose accordingly like a boat floating with the tide.

城市知名度提高，周边房价往往会水涨船高。

As a city's popularity increases, property prices in its surrounding areas often rise like a boat lifted by rising water.

随着教育投入增加，学生的综合素质也水涨船高，升学率逐年提升。

As investment in education increases, students' comprehensive qualities also rise like a boat with the rising tide, and the enrollment rate increases year by year.

这部电影口碑爆棚，票房随之水涨船高，创下年度纪录。

With the movie receiving overwhelming praise, its box office rose accordingly like a boat lifted by rising water, setting an annual record.

行业竞争加剧，企业对人才的要求也水涨船高，求职者需不断提升自我。

As industry competition intensifies, enterprises' requirements for talent also rise like a boat with the rising tide— job seekers need to continuously improve themselves.

家长对孩子的教育投入越多，孩子面临的学业压力往往也水涨船高。

The more parents invest in their children's education, the higher the academic pressure on children tends to rise, like a boat floating with the tide.

景区服务质量提升后，游客数量和满意度水涨船高，形成良性循环。

After the service quality of the scenic area improved, the number of visitors and satisfaction rose accordingly like a boat lifted by rising water, forming a virtuous cycle.

故作高深

1. 拼音：gù zuò gāo shēn

2. 意思：指故意装作深奥、难以理解的样子，以显示自己有学问或与众不同，多含贬义，形容人刻意用晦涩的言行掩盖真实水平。

3. 出处：出自清代无名氏《杜诗言志》卷一：“而往往目中无人，故作高深，全不知循序渐讲为何事。”

4. 近义词：

装腔作势（指故意做出某种姿态或腔调，以引人注意或炫耀）

故弄玄虚（指故意玩弄花招，用神秘莫测的言行迷惑他人）

炫博耀奇（指刻意炫耀自己的博学或新奇见解，以显示与众不同）

5. 反义词：

平易近人（指态度温和，容易接近，言行通俗易懂）

开诚布公（指坦诚待人，公开透明地表达想法，不刻意隐瞒）

浅显易懂（指内容或表达简单明白，容易被理解）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

他说话总爱用生僻词汇，故作高深，实则内容空洞。

He always uses obscure words to pretend to be profound, but in reality, his content is empty.

有些文章故意堆砌术语，故作高深，反而让读者难以理解。

Some articles deliberately pile up technical terms to pretend to be profound, but it makes them difficult for readers to understand.

别再故作高深了，把道理讲清楚才是关键。

Stop pretending to be profound— the key is to explain the truth clearly.

他在会议上故作高深的发言，让同事们面面相觑。

His pretentiously profound speech at the meeting left colleagues looking at each other in confusion.

真正的学者从不故作高深，而是用通俗语言传递知识。

A real scholar never pretends to be profound but conveys knowledge in simple language.

这部电影的剧情刻意留白，被批评为故作高深的炫技。

The movie's plot deliberately leaves gaps, criticized as a pretentious display of skill.

他总爱用哲学概念故作高深，实则没真正理解其内涵。

He always uses philosophical concepts to pretend to be profound but hasn't truly understood their meaning.

演讲者若一味故作高深，只会让听众失去兴趣。

If a speaker only pretends to be profound, it will only make the audience lose interest.

别被他故作高深的姿态迷惑，其实他对这领域知之甚少。

Don't be confused by his pretentious posture— he actually knows very little about this field.

写作时应避免故作高深，真诚表达反而更能打动人。

When writing, avoid pretending to be profound— sincere expression is more touching instead.

精诚合作

1. 拼音：jīng chéng hé zuò

2. 意思：真心诚意地团结协作。指双方或多方秉持着真诚、专注、负责的态度共同完成任务或达成目标，强调合作中的真诚和专注程度。

3. 出处：无特定古籍出处，是现代常用表达。

4. 近义词：

齐心协力：形容认识一致，为了实现目标而共同努力。和精诚合作一样都强调共同努力，但“精诚合作”更突出真诚的态度。

和衷共济：大家一条心，共同渡过江河。比喻同心协力，克服困难，与精诚合作类似，都表示为了共同目标而团结协作，同舟共济。

5. 反义词：

离心离德：思想不统一，信念也不一致。指不一条心，与精诚合作相反，强调合作中的分裂和不一致。

勾心斗角：原指宫室建筑结构的交错和精巧。后比喻用尽心机，明争暗斗，突出合作中的不良竞争和相互算计，和精诚合作形成鲜明对比。

6. 例句：

只要我们精诚合作，就一定能攻克这个技术难题。

这两个公司精诚合作，共同开发了一款极具竞争力的新产品。

在这个项目中，大家精诚合作，项目进展得十分顺利。

团队成员之间精诚合作，为了赢得比赛而全力以赴。

我们两国只有精诚合作，才能应对全球性的挑战。

各部门之间精诚合作，是公司发展壮大的关键。

科学家们精诚合作，经过多年研究取得了重大突破。

希望大家在这次活动中精诚合作，为观众呈现一场精彩的演出。

企业与供应商之间精诚合作，能保障供应链的稳定。

同学们精诚合作，成功完成了这次小组作业。

一鼻子灰

1. 拼音：yī bí zi huī

2. 意思：形容因碰壁或被拒绝而感到难堪、沮丧，如同被抹了一脸灰，多用来表示受到冷遇或失败后的狼狈状态。

3. 出处：出自清代曹雪芹《红楼梦》第五十五回：“幸而平姐姐在这里，没得臊一鼻子灰，趁早知会他们去。”后在民间俗语中广泛使用。

4. 近义词：

碰一鼻子灰（指做事遭拒或被斥责，陷入尴尬境地）

大失所望（指期望落空，内心感到沮丧失望）

狼狈不堪（形容处境窘迫，举止慌乱，无法应对）

5. 反义词：

一帆风顺（指做事顺利，没有阻碍，事事如意）

如愿以偿（指愿望得以实现，满足期待）

春风得意（形容人境遇顺利，心情畅快，意气风发）

6. 例句及英文翻译：

他本想找领导求情，结果被训了一顿，碰了一鼻子灰。

He wanted to plead with the leader but was scolded instead, ending up with a snub.

初次创业就盲目投资，结果项目失败，让他碰了一鼻子灰。

Blindly investing in his first startup, he failed the project and ended up feeling embarrassed.

她鼓起勇气表白，却被对方婉拒，顿时觉得一鼻子灰。

She mustered the courage to confess but was politely rejected, feeling disheartened at once.

本想在聚会中展示才艺，却因紧张失误，让他一鼻子灰下了台。

He wanted to show his talent at the party but messed up due to nervousness, stepping down in embarrassment.

找朋友借钱时没注意方式，结果碰了一鼻子灰，两人关系也疏远了。

He didn’t pay attention to his approach when borrowing money from a friend, got rejected, and their relationship grew distant.

自以为方案完美，谁知汇报时被评委批得一鼻子灰。

Thinking the plan was perfect, he was harshly criticized by the judges during the report, feeling utterly embarrassed.

球迷冲进球场想和球星合影，却被保安拦住，碰了一鼻子灰。

A fan rushed onto the field to take a photo with the star player but was stopped by security, ending up disappointed.

他用过时的观念说服客户，结果一鼻子灰，订单也没谈成。

He tried to persuade clients with outdated ideas, failed miserably, and didn’t secure the order.

孩子想逃学装病，被妈妈识破后训了一顿，弄得一鼻子灰。

The child pretended to be sick to skip school, but was caught by his mother and scolded, feeling ashamed.

本想帮同事忙却弄巧成拙，反而被埋怨，让他一鼻子灰。

He tried to help a colleague but messed it up, getting blamed instead, which made him feel awkward.

广袤无垠

1. 拼音：guǎng mào wú yín

2. 意思：形容广阔得望不到边际，辽阔无边。用来形容面积广大，没有边界，通常用于形容土地、海洋、天空等广阔的自然场景。

3. 出处：无特定古籍出处，是比较现代的词汇组合来形容广阔的概念。

4. 近义词：

一望无际：一眼望不到边。形容非常辽阔，和广袤无垠类似，都强调广阔的视觉感受，没有边界限制。

无边无际：形容范围极为广阔，没有边际，与广袤无垠相近，突出没有尽头的广阔状态。

5. 反义词：

弹丸之地：弹丸那么大的地方。形容地方非常狭小，与广袤无垠相反，强调空间的狭小局促。

一隅之地：形容地方狭小，和广袤无垠形成鲜明对比，体现出空间范围的狭窄。

6. 例句：

广袤无垠的沙漠，让人感受到大自然的雄浑与壮丽。

飞船在广袤无垠的宇宙中航行，显得无比渺小。

站在山顶眺望，那广袤无垠的草原尽收眼底。

这片广袤无垠的大海，蕴含着无尽的奥秘。

飞机飞过广袤无垠的冻土带，下面是一片白茫茫的世界。

他们穿越了广袤无垠的荒原，历经艰辛。

孩子们在广袤无垠的田野里奔跑嬉戏，享受着自由的时光。

广袤无垠的天空中，云朵如同棉花糖般飘浮着。

探险家们深入广袤无垠的热带雨林，探寻未知的宝藏。

从太空俯瞰，地球的表面有广袤无垠的陆地和海洋。